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MSK Exam 2-Lower Extremity > Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the insertion of ALL quadriceps muscles?

A

Base of patella

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2
Q

What is the origin of the rectus femoris m.?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

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3
Q

What is the origin of the vastus intermedialis m. ?

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral body

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4
Q

What is the origin of the vastus medialis m.?

A

Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur

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5
Q

What is the origin of the vastus lateralis m.?

A

Greater trochanter of lateral lip of femur

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6
Q

What is the function of ALL quadriceps muscles?

A

Extend leg at knee joint

Rectus femoris also helps in thigh flexion

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7
Q

What is the innervation for ALL quadriceps muscles?

A

Femoral n.

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8
Q

What is the blood supply for ALL quadriceps muscles?

A

Lateral circumflex femoral a. (remember that this is a branch of the profunda femoral a.*)

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9
Q

What subgroups of muscles make up the iliopsoas m.?

A

Psoas major m., Psoas minor m. , Iliacus m.

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10
Q

What is the origin of the psoas major m.

A

T12-L5 transverse processes

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11
Q

What is the insertion of the psoas major m.

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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12
Q

What is the action of the iliopsoas m.

A

Flex thigh @ hip

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13
Q

What is the innervation of both psoas major m. and psoas minor m. ?

A

Lumbar n.

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14
Q

What is the blood supply of the iliopsoas muscles?

A

Lumbar branch of iliopsoas branch of internal iliac a.

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15
Q

What is the origin of the psoas minor m.

A

T2-L1 transverse processes

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16
Q

What is the insertion of the psoas minor m

A

Pectinal line/Iliopectinal eminence

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17
Q

What is the origin of the iliacus m. ?

A

Iliac crest, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligaments

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18
Q

What is the insertion of the iliacus m. ?

A

Tendon of psoas major m.

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the iliacus m.?

A

Femoral n.

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20
Q

What is the origin of the sartorius m.?

A

ASIS

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21
Q

What is the insertion of the sartorius m. ?

A

Per Aserinus

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22
Q

What is the action of the sartorius m. ?

A

Flex, aBduct, laterally rotate thigh, flex leg

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23
Q

What innervates the sartorius m. ?

A

Femoral n.

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24
Q

What supplies the sartorius m.

A

Femoral a.

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25
Q

The thigh has three compartments-what are they?

A

Anterior, medial, posterior

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26
Q

What is located in the anterior compartment if the thigh?

A

Quadriceps muscles (Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedialis, rectus femoris), IT band, femoral n.

27
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh?

A

Lateral intermuscular septum

28
Q

What is located in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A 
Sciatic n.
Biceps femoris m.
Semimembranosus m.
Semitendinosis m.
ADductor magnus m.
Gracilis m.
29
Q

What is located in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
ADductor longus m.
ADductor brevis m.
Sartorius m.
Femoral a.
Femoral vein
Deep artery and vein of the thigh
30
Q

What separates the anterior and medial compartments of the thigh?

A

Medial intermuscular septum

31
Q

What are the ADductor muscles?

A 
Pectineus m.
ADductor longus m.
ADductor brevis m.
ADductor magnus m.
Gracilis m. (only adductor to cross knee joint)
32
Q

What is the origin of the pectineus m. ?

A

Superior pubic ramus

33
Q

What is the insertion of the pectineus m. ?

A

Pectineal line on femur

34
Q

What is the action of the pectineus m. ?

A

ADduct and flex thigh

35
Q

What is the innervation of the pectineus m.?

A

Femoral n.

36
Q

What is the origin of the adductor longus m. ?

A

Inf to pubic crest

37
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor longus m. ?

A

Middle 1/3 of linea aspera (on medial shaft of femur)

38
Q

What is the action of the adductor longus m. ?

A

Adduct thigh

39
Q

What is the innervation of the adductor longus m. ?

A

Obturator n.

40
Q

What is the origin of the adductor brevis m. ?

A

Inf to pubic ramus

41
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor brevis m. ?

A

Pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

42
Q

What is the action of the adductor brevis m. ?

A

Adduct thigh

43
Q

What is the innervation of the adductor brevis m. ?

A

Obturator n.

44
Q

What is the origin of the adductor magnus m. ?

A

Ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

45
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor magnus m. ?

A

Gluteal tuberosity

46
Q

What is the action of the adductor magnus m. ?

A

UP: Flex thigh
Low: Extend thigh

47
Q

What innervates the adductor magnus? Two nerves!

A

Upper: Obturator n.
Lower: Tibial division of the sciatic n.

48
Q

What is the origin of the gracilis m.?

A

Inf pubic ramus/ body of pubis

49
Q

What is the insertion of the gracilis m. ?

A

Med aspect proximal tibia

50
Q

What is the action of the gracilis m.?`

A

ADduct and medially rotate thigh; flex leg

51
Q

What is the innervation of the gracilis m.?

A

Obturator n. (anterior division)

52
Q

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

A

Lateral border: Vastus medialis m.
Anterior border: Sartorius m.
Posterior border: Adductor longus and adductor magnus ms.

53
Q

What are the contents of the adductor canal?

A

Femoral a.-becomes popliteal artery upon exiting
Femoral n. -becomes popliteal vein upon exiting
N to vastus medialis
Saphenous n.

54
Q

What is a possible cause of a groin tear and which muscles are commonly affected?`

A

Strain, stretching, tearing of anteromedial thigh muscles

Flexor and adductor muscles of thigh ) insertions found in the inguinal region

55
Q

What is a hip pointere? What causes it?

A

Contusion of iliac crest; contact sports

56
Q

Why is a hip contusion potentially dangerous?

A

Ruptured capillaries can bleed into muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues

57
Q

What is an avulsion fracture? Give an example.

A

Avulsion of bony muscle attachments

EX: Sartorius or rectus femoris to anterior superior iliac spines of hamstring of ischium ***

58
Q

What causes a charly horse?

A

Tearing of fibers of the rectus femoris?

59
Q

What is a psoas abscess and what causes it?

A

TB or secondary to Chron’s

Abscess passing between psoas and fascia to inguinal and proximal thigh regions

May be mistaken for femoral or indirect inguinal hernia

60
Q

Paralysis of quadriceps

What occurs?

A

Can’t extend leg against resistance

Walk on distal end of thigh to prevent flexion at knee joint

Weakness of vastus medialis or lateralis can cause abnormal patellar movement and joint instability

61
Q

What causes Chondromalacia patellae/Runner’s knee? (Anatomically speaking)

A

Quadriceps imbalance
Blow to patella
Extreme flexion of knee

62
Q

What causes a transverse patellar fracture?

A

Blow to knee

Sudden contraction of quadriceps (trying to catch yourself when you fall backwards)

63
Q

What happens physiologically w/ transverse patellar fracture?

A

Proximal patella pulled superiorly w/ quadriceps

Distal patella remains w/ patellar ligament

MSK Exam 2-Lower Extremity (6 decks)

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