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Anat Block 3 > Ant Abd Wall > Flashcards

Ant Abd Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the Quadrants

A

Vertical and Horizontal line through umbilicus. Creates right and left upper and lower quarants

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2
Q

Describe the cut for the Regions of the Abd

A

2 vertical through midclavicular line and 2 horizontal transtubercular at Iliac tubercles and body of L3

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3
Q

What are the regions of the abd

A

Right and Left Hypochondrae, Right and Left Lumber, Right and Left Iliac on sides. Epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric down the middle

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4
Q

What are the general layers of the Abd Wall

A

Skin, Subcutaneous tissue and fat, muscle and aponeurosis, Endo abd fascia, extraperitoneal fat, parietal peritoneum.

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5
Q

What are the substructures of the Subcutaneous tissue and fat

A

Campers (fatty) and Scarpa’s (membranous) which are apparent below arcuate line

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6
Q

What are the muscles of the Abdominal Wall

A

External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transverse, Rectus Abdominal, and Pyramidal

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7
Q

What are the Nerves and Actions of the muscles of Abdominal Wall

A

Nerves are Intercostal (T7-11), Subcostal (T12), and for Internal oblique and Transverse L1 (Iliohypogastric and Inguinal). Action is to compress abdomen, flex trunk

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8
Q

Describe path of External oblique

A

Origin is at external suface of R5-12. Inserts into Anterior Iliac Crest, linea alba, and pubic tubercle.

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9
Q

Describe path of Internal oblique

A

Origin from lateral 2/3 in Inguinal Ligament, Iliac Crest, and thoracolumbar fascia. Inserts into R6-12 costal cartilage and linea alba.

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10
Q

Describe path of Transverse Muscle

A

Origin at lateral 1/3 inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, R6-12 costal cartilages. Inserts on linea alba and pubic crest.

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11
Q

Describe path of Rectus Abdominis muscle

A

Origin from pubic crest and symphasis. Inserts on Xiphoid process and R5-7.

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12
Q

Describe path of pyramidal muscle

A

Pubic body to linea alba

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13
Q

What are the contents of the Rectal sheath

A
  1. Rectus Abd and Pyramidalis Muscle
  2. Anastamosis of Superior and Inferior Epigastric vessels
  3. Distal portions of anterior rami
  4. Lymph
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14
Q

What is the arrangement of rectal sheath in relation to arcuate line

A

Above line = Interior oblique fascia surrounds Rectus Abd and Transverse Abd posterior to RA. Below line all M fascia anterior to RA.

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15
Q

What is the purpose of Musculo-Aponeurotic Arcade

A

Forms strong expandable support for wall, viscera, increases abdominal pressure, flex and lat flex of trunk

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16
Q

What are the related arteries to superior epigastric

A

Superior epigastric and Musculophrenic arteries are branches of Internal thoracic artery

17
Q

What are the related arteries to Inferior epigastric

A

Inferior epigastric is a branch of the external Iliac Artery along with the deep circumflex and superficial epigastric. The external iliac continues to become the femoral artery below inguinal line

18
Q

What are the branches of the femoral artery

A

Superficial circumflex artery, Deep femoral artery, Deep external Pudendal, Superficial External Pudendal

19
Q

Describe lymph drainage for superficial nodes

A

Above umb = axillary nodes

Below Umb = Superficial Inguinal

20
Q

Describe lymph drainage for Deep nodes

A

Cisterna Chyli for bilateral below umb and left side. Right Thoracic duct for right side.

21
Q

What are the abd folds and structures

A

Median umbilical by Urachus, Medial umbilical by umbilical A and V, Lateral Umbilical by Inf epigastric A

22
Q

What are abd fossa and relations

A

Lateral Inguinal fossa (lateral to inf epigastric). Medial Inguinal fossa (btwn lateral and Medial)
Supra vesical fossa (btwn Medial and Medial)

23
Q

What are the causes of abdomen protuberance

A

6 F’s: food, fetus, feces, fat, fluid, flatus

24
Q

What are the Abdominal hernias

A

Umbilical, inguinal, femoral

25
Q

What are the incisions for Abd surgery

A

Midline, Paramedian (hernia), Oblique (McBurney and Kocher), Transverse (Maylard and Pfannistial)

26
Q

What are the purpose of McBurney, Kocher’s, Maylard, and Pfannistial

A

Mc - Append
Ko - cholecystectomies
Ma - deep pelvic (prostate GYN)
Pf - GYN

Anat Block 3 (5 decks)

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