Ansel's Terminologies Flashcards

1
Q

Used in liquid preparations to provide acidic
medium for product stability

A

Acidifying agent

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2
Q

Used in liquid preparations to provide alkaline
medium for product stability

A

Alkalinizing agent

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3
Q

An agent capable of holding other molecules onto
its surface by physical or chemical (chemisorption)
means

A

Adsorbent

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4
Q

Agent responsible for developing the pressure
within an aerosol container and expelling the
product when the valve is opened

A

Aerosol propellant

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5
Q

Agent employed to displace air in a hermetically
sealed container to enhance product stability

A

Air displacement

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6
Q

Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent
growth of fungi. Effectiveness of parabens is usually
enhanced by use in combination

A

Antifungal preservative

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7
Q

Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent
growth of microorganisms

A

Antimicrobial preservative

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8
Q

Used to prevent deterioration of preparations by
oxidation

A

Antioxidant

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9
Q

Used to resist change in pH upon dilution or
addition of acid or alkali

A

Buffering agent

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10
Q

Substance that forms stable water-soluble
complexes (chelates) with metals; used in some
liquid pharmaceuticals as stabilizers to complex
heavy metals that might promote instability. In such
use, they are also called sequestering agents

A

Chelating agent

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11
Q

Used to impart color to liquid and solid (e.g., tablets
and capsules) preparations

A

Colorant

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12
Q

Used as a filtering aid for its adsorbent qualities

A

Clarifying agent

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13
Q

Used to promote and maintain dispersion of finely
subdivided particles of liquid in a vehicle in which it
is immiscible. End product may be a liquid emulsion
or semisolid emulsion (e.g., a cream)

A

Emulsifying agent

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14
Q

Used to form thin shells to enclose a drug for ease
of administration

A

Encapsulating agent

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15
Q

Used to impart a pleasant flavor and often odor to
a preparation. In addition to the natural flavorants
listed, many synthetic ones are used

A

Flavorant

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16
Q

Used to prevent drying of preparations, particularly
ointments and creams

A

Humectant

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17
Q

Liquid used as an intervening agent to reduce the
particle size of a powder by grinding, usually in a
mortar

A

Levigating agent

18
Q

Semisolid vehicle for medicated ointments

A

Ointment base

19
Q

Component of film-coating solutions to make film
more pliable, enhance spread of coat over tablets,
beads, and granules

A

Plasticizer

20
Q

Used to dissolve another substance in preparation
of a solution; may be aqueous or not (e.g.,
oleaginous). Cosolvents, such as water and alcohol
(hydroalcoholic) and water and glycerin, may be
used when needed. Sterile solvents are used in
certain preparations (e.g., injections)

21
Q

Used to increase thickness or hardness of a
preparation, usually an ointment

A

Stiffening agent

22
Q

Vehicle for suppositories

A

Suppository base

23
Q

Substances that absorb to surfaces or interfaces to
reduce surface or interfacial tension. May be used
as wetting agents, detergents, or emulsifying agents

A

Surfactant (surface active
agent)

24
Q

Viscosity-increasing agent used to reduce
sedimentation rate of particles in a vehicle in which
they are not soluble; suspension may be formulated
for oral, parenteral, ophthalmic, topical, or other
route

A

Suspending agent

25
Used to impart sweetness to a preparation
Sweetening agent
26
Prevent tablet ingredients from sticking to punches and dies during production
Tablet antiadherent
27
Substances used to cause adhesion of powder particles in tablet granulations
Tablet binders
28
Inert filler to create desired bulk, flow properties, and compression characteristics of tablets and capsules
Tablet and capsule diluent
29
Used to coat a tablet to protect against decomposition by atmospheric oxygen or humidity, to provide a desired release pattern, to mask taste or odor, or for aesthetic purposes. Coating may be sugar, film, or thick covering around a tablet. Sugarcoated tablets generally start to break up in the stomach. Film forms a thin cover around a formed tablet or bead. Unless it is enteric, film dissolves in the stomach. Enteric coating passes through the stomach to break up in the intestines. Some waterinsoluble coatings (e.g., ethylcellulose) are used to slow the release of drug in the gastrointestinal tract
- Tablet-coating agent - Sugar coating - Film coating - Enteric coating
30
Used in direct compression tablet formulations
Tablet direct compression excipient
31
Used in solid forms to promote disruption of the mass into smaller particles more readily dispersed or dissolved
Tablet disintegrant
32
Used in tablet and capsule formulations to improve flow properties of the powder mixture
Tablet glidant
33
Used in tablet formulations to reduce friction during tablet compression
Tablet lubricant
34
Used to render a coating opaque. May be used alone or with a colorant
Tablet or capsule opaquant
35
Used to impart an attractive sheen to coated tablets
Tablet polishing agent
36
Used to render solution similar in osmotic-dextrose characteristics to physiologic fluids, for example, in ophthalmic, parenteral, and irrigation fluids
Tonicity agent
37
Carrying agent used in formulating a variety of liquids for oral and parenteral administration Generally, oral liquids are aqueous (e.g., syrups) or hydroalcoholic (e.g., elixirs). Solutions for intravenous use are aqueous, whereas intramuscular injections may be aqueous or oleaginous
- Vehicle
38
Flavored, sweetened
Acacia syrup Aromatic syrup Aromatic elixir Cherry syrup Cocoa syrup Orange syrup Syrup
39
Oleaginous
Corn oil Mineral oil Peanut oil Sesame oil
40
Sterile
Bacteriostatic sodium chloride injection
41
Used to render preparations more resistant to flow. Used in suspensions to deter sedimentation, in ophthalmic solutions to enhance contact time (e.g., methylcellulose), to thicken topical creams, etc
Viscosity - increasing agent