ANS physiology Flashcards
What is the ANS?
Connection between the CNS and peripheral organs
What is the ANS largely outside?
Largely outside voluntary control
What system is the ANS?
Two neurone system
What are the 2 nervous systems in the ANS?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system
What do some tissue have in the ANS?
Some tissue have single nerve supply
What do somatic or motor system innovate?
Innovate the skeletal muscles
Are somatic or motor system myelinated?
Somatic or motor system is heavily myelinated
What sort of process is somatic or motor system?
Single nerve process
What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic made up of?
Made up of 2 nerves
Is pre ganglionic neurone myelinated?
Pre ganglionic neurone lightly myelinated
Which of the 2 nervous system have longer ganglions?
• Sympathetic pre ganglion is shorter than the parasympathetic pre ganglion
What do vast majority of sympathetic nerves have and what are they called?
• Vast majority of sympathetic nerves have the ganglion right next to the spine
○ Called the paraventricular column
What do nearly all parasympathetic nerves have?
• Nearly all of parasympathetic nerves have the ganglion in the target organ
What is the chemical released from most sympathetic nerves?
• Chemical released from most sympathetic nerves is noradrenaline in heart and arteries
What is the chemical released from most parasympathetic nerves?
• Chemical released from some parasympathetic nerves is also acetylcholine in sweat glands
What does the adrenal gland not have?
Adrenal gland doesn’t have a post ganglionic neurone
What is the chemical released from parasympathetic nerve?
Chemical released from parasympathetic nerve is acetylcholine
In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 3 responsible for?
Oculomotor(pupils)
In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 7 responsible for?
Facial
In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 9 responsible for?
Glossopharyngeal
In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 10 responsible for?
Vagus
In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the sacral nerves responsible for?
○ Remainder of GI tract, bladder and genitalia
Last part of parasympathetic nerves
• Saccro-cranial outflow
In the sympathethic nervous system, what is the superior cervical paravertebral ganglia responsible for?
Pupil, facial glands, head circulation
In the symptathetic nerves, what is the middle and inferior paravertebral ganglia responsible for?
Heart and lungs
In the sympathetic nerves, what is the remaining paravertebral ganglia responsible for?
Sweat glands, pilomotor muscles, blood vessels of skeletal muscle and skin
In the sympathetic nervous system, what is the prevertebral ganglia responsible for?
GI tract
Last part in sympathetic nerves
Thoraco lumbar outflow
What is one main artery with a strong parasympathetic control?
One main artery with a strong parasympathetic control is the artery to the penis
Single input tissues example
• Blood vessels, sweat glands:
○ Sympathetic
• Bronchial smooth muscle, ciliary muscle of the eye:
Parasympathetic
Example of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic transmitters
• ATP/neuropeptide Y
○ Post-ganglionic sympathetic neurone=vasoconstriction
• Vasoactive intestinal peptide
○ Salivary glands or bronchial smooth muscle=dilation
• Nitric oxide
○ Parasympathetic pelvic nerves=erection
