ANS physiology

Question 1

What is the ANS?

Answer 1

Connection between the CNS and peripheral organs

Question 2

What is the ANS largely outside?

Answer 2

Largely outside voluntary control

Question 3

What system is the ANS?

Answer 3

Two neurone system

Question 4

What are the 2 nervous systems in the ANS?

Answer 4

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 5

What do some tissue have in the ANS?

Answer 5

Some tissue have single nerve supply

Question 6

What do somatic or motor system innovate?

Answer 6

Innovate the skeletal muscles

Question 7

Are somatic or motor system myelinated?

Answer 7

Somatic or motor system is heavily myelinated

Question 8

What sort of process is somatic or motor system?

Answer 8

Single nerve process

Question 9

What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic made up of?

Answer 9

Made up of 2 nerves

Question 10

Is pre ganglionic neurone myelinated?

Answer 10

Pre ganglionic neurone lightly myelinated

Question 11

Which of the 2 nervous system have longer ganglions?

Answer 11

• Sympathetic pre ganglion is shorter than the parasympathetic pre ganglion

Question 12

What do vast majority of sympathetic nerves have and what are they called?

Answer 12

• Vast majority of sympathetic nerves have the ganglion right next to the spine
○ Called the paraventricular column

Question 13

What do nearly all parasympathetic nerves have?

Answer 13

• Nearly all of parasympathetic nerves have the ganglion in the target organ

Question 14

What is the chemical released from most sympathetic nerves?

Answer 14

• Chemical released from most sympathetic nerves is noradrenaline in heart and arteries

Question 15

What is the chemical released from most parasympathetic nerves?

Answer 15

• Chemical released from some parasympathetic nerves is also acetylcholine in sweat glands

Question 16

What does the adrenal gland not have?

Answer 16

Adrenal gland doesn’t have a post ganglionic neurone

Question 17

What is the chemical released from parasympathetic nerve?

Answer 17

Chemical released from parasympathetic nerve is acetylcholine

Question 18

In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 3 responsible for?

Answer 18

Oculomotor(pupils)

Question 19

In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 7 responsible for?

Answer 19

Facial

Question 20

In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 9 responsible for?

Answer 20

Glossopharyngeal

Question 21

In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the cranial nerve 10 responsible for?

Answer 21

Vagus

Question 22

In the parasympathetic nerves, what is the sacral nerves responsible for?

Answer 22

○ Remainder of GI tract, bladder and genitalia

Question 23

Last part of parasympathetic nerves

Answer 23

• Saccro-cranial outflow

Question 24

In the sympathethic nervous system, what is the superior cervical paravertebral ganglia responsible for?

Answer 24

Pupil, facial glands, head circulation

Question 25

In the symptathetic nerves, what is the middle and inferior paravertebral ganglia responsible for?

Answer 25

Heart and lungs

Question 26

In the sympathetic nerves, what is the remaining paravertebral ganglia responsible for?

Answer 26

Sweat glands, pilomotor muscles, blood vessels of skeletal muscle and skin

Question 27

In the sympathetic nervous system, what is the prevertebral ganglia responsible for?

Answer 27

GI tract

Question 28

Last part in sympathetic nerves

Answer 28

Thoraco lumbar outflow

Question 29

What is one main artery with a strong parasympathetic control?

Answer 29

One main artery with a strong parasympathetic control is the artery to the penis

Question 30

Single input tissues example

Answer 30

• Blood vessels, sweat glands:
○ Sympathetic
• Bronchial smooth muscle, ciliary muscle of the eye:
Parasympathetic

Question 31

Example of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic transmitters

Answer 31

• ATP/neuropeptide Y
○ Post-ganglionic sympathetic neurone=vasoconstriction
• Vasoactive intestinal peptide
○ Salivary glands or bronchial smooth muscle=dilation
• Nitric oxide
○ Parasympathetic pelvic nerves=erection