ANS drugs Flashcards
autonomic nervous system
involuntary system over which a person has little or no control
-contains the sympathetIC & parasympathetic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
- fight or flight
- adrenergic/adrenaline
- norepinephrine
parasympathetic nervous system
- rest and digest
- keeps you calm
- cholinergics
- acetycholine
effect of adrenergic agonist on alpha 1 receptor
- *located in the vascular tissues of the muscles
- increased force of contraction
- increases BP
- mydriasis
- decreases secretion in salivary glands
- increased urinary bladder relaxation & urinary sphincter contraction
effect of adrenergic agonist on alpha 2 receptor
- *located in the postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings; inhibits release of norepi
- decreased BP
- dilates blood vessels
- decreased GI motility and tone
adrenergic drug indications
- allergic reactions
- heart failure
- shock
- asthma
- nasal congestion
adrenergic agonists: endogenous catecholamines
- *produce a sympathomimetic response
- norepi (levophed)
- epi (adrenalin chloride)
- dopamine HCL (intropin)
adrenergic agonists: non catecholamines
- *stimulate adrenergic receptors; longer duration
- albuterol (proventil)
- phenylephrine (neo-synephrine)
- dobutamine HCL (dobutrex)
norepinephrine indications
- *levophed
- used in the tx of shock states when drugs (dopamine or dobutamine) have failed to produce adequate BP
s/e of norepinephrine
- angina
- tachycardia
- htn
- dysrhythmias
- extravasation
epinephine indications
- drug of choice for anaphylactic shock
- drug of choice for tx of acute bronchospasm
- cardiac arrest
- *works immediately
- *never given PO
- *acts on alpha 1, beta 1 & 2
epinephine contraindcations
- severe organic cardiac dx
- diabetes
- prolonged labor
- general anesthesia
- htn
- cerebrovascular dx
- narrow angle glaucoma
epinephine drug/labs
- increased BG & serum lactic acid
- decongestants=additive effect
- digoxin=dysrhythmia
epinephine s/e
- cardiac arhythmias
- angina
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- nervousness
- disorientation
- pulmonary edema
- renal vasoconstriction
s/e of alpha adrenergic agonists
- HTN
- increased HR
- palpitations
- restlessness
- tremors
- dysrhythmias
- dizziness
- urinary retention
- n/v
- dyspnea
- pulmonary edema
nursing considerations with adrenergic drugs
- monitor BP & cardiac output
- monitor for increase or decrease in peripheral resistance
- monitor for decrease in renal perfusion
- ECG & hemodynamic parameters
alpha blocker indications
- decrease s/s of BPH in older men
- tx peripheral vascular dx (Raynaud’s dx)
- promote vasodilation=orthostatic BP
- tic mgmt
alpha 1 adrenergic blocker
- vasodilation
- reflex tachycardia
- miosis
- suppressed ejaculation
- decreased s/s of urinary urgency, hesitancy, and nocturia
- relax muscle in prostate & bladder neck
Alpha adrenergic blocker names
- Terazosin (Hytrin)
- Flomax (Tamsulosin) - cannot give with meals
- Cardura (Doxazosin) - anti HTN
- Prazosin (Minipress) - decrease libido, impotence
- *sinners
- Saw Palmetto
Saw Palmetto
- herbal OTC
- decreased BP, dizziness
- has same effects as the meds
- additive effect when taken with the meds
s/e of alpha blockers
- orthostatic hypoTN
- tachycardia
- vertigo
- sexual dysfunction
- nasal congestion
- dry mouth
nursing considerations for alpha blockers
- assess for hypoTN
- assess for syncope
- I&O
- daily wts
- monitor labs
- provide resources
pt teaching for alpha blockers
- avoid driving and hazardous activities
- limit caffeine intake
- limit clutter (in a hurry to pee)
- use a night light
- get out of bed slowly
non selective beta affects the…
lungs, liver, glucose
