ANS Flashcards
What are the 3 main functions of the ANS?
- Maintain homeostasis
- Emergency responses
- Facilitate reproduction function
Pregang and Postgang Ntm for sympathetic pathways
Pregang: ACh
Postgang: Norepi except sweat glands and vasodilator fibers –> ACh
Pregang and Postgang Ntm for parasympathetic pathways
Pregang: ACh
Postgang: ACh
Sympathetic division
Thoraco-lumbar origin (T1-L2)
Parasympathetic Division
Cranio-sacral origin (CNs 3, 7, 9, 10; S2-S4)
Four courses of a sympathetic preganglionic axon:
- Synaptic contact with post gang neuron in sympathetic trunk ganglion at same level
- Pass up or down sympathetic trunk to contact post gang neuron at a different level
- Pass through paravertebral ganglion to contact postgang neuron within a pre vertebral ganglion
- Pass through paravertebral ganglion en route to the adrenal medulla
White rami communicantes
myelinated, only between T1-L2
Gray rami communicantes
un-myelinated, at every vertebral level
Name the CN, Peripheral ganglia and target organ for the brainstem nuclei:
Edinger Westphal
3
Ciliary ganglion
Sphincter pupillae m
Name the CN, Peripheral ganglia and target organ for the brainstem nuclei:
Superior salivatory
7
Pterygopalatine–Lacrimal
Submandibular–Sublingual and submandibular
Name the CN, Peripheral ganglia and target organ for the brainstem nuclei:
Inferior salivatory
9
Otic
Parotid gland
Name the CN, Peripheral ganglia and target organ for the brainstem nuclei:
Dorsal motor nucleus
10
Myenteric and submucosal
Smooth mm. and glands of GI tract
Characteristics of Horner’s Syndrome
Ptosis, Miosis, Anhydrosis, Enopthalmos
D/t loss of sympathetic innervation
What is autonomic dysreflexia following SCI
Disordered autonomic response in people with SCI at T6 and above
Caused following a noxious stimulus –> pain fibers cannot ascent through damaged zone, resulting in activation of local reflexive sympathetic outflow producing widespread vasoconstriction and elevated BP
Symptoms: h/a, hypertension, bradycardia, piloerection, pallor
Wallenburg Syndrome (lateral medullary syndrome)
Dysarthria Dysphagia Contralateral loss of pain and temperature Ipsilateral loss of facial sensation Horner’s syndrome
What is Hirshprung’s Disease?
Congenital absence of myenteric plexus – no peristalsis in denervated colon compared to proximal part of colon which becomes distended
Constipation
Surgically attach normal colon to rectum
Which nerves supply the female external genitalia?
Ilioinguinal and perineal nerves
