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MSK EXAM I > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

define the ANS

A

portion of CNS and PNS that is responsible for unconscious control of visceral function

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2
Q

2 divisions of ANS

A

parasympathetic and sympathetic

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3
Q

What fibers can “feel fullness” aka distention

A

vagal sympathetic afferents

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4
Q

What division of the cord is sympathetic? parasympathetic?

A

sympathetic- thoracolumbar

parasympathetic- craniosacral

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5
Q

Where are the secondary neurons in autonomic neurons

A

in peripheral ganglia

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6
Q

What are the 4 peripheral ganglia for the cranial portion of PANS

A

ciliary III
pterygopalantine VII
submandibular VII
otic IX

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7
Q

Are the vagal and sacral ganglia of PANS named?

A

no, found in walls of organs innervated

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of sympathetic ganglia

A

Paravertebral and pre-vertebral ganglia

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9
Q

Describe paravertebral ganglia

A

sympathetic trunk chain ganglia- attached to spinal nerves by rami communicans

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10
Q

What do white ramus communicans carry

A

myelinated preganglionic sympathetic fibers from a spinal nerve to a paravertebral ganglion

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11
Q

What do gray ramus communicans carry

A

conduct unmyelinated post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers from paravertebral ganglion to a spinal nerve

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12
Q

describe pre-vertebral ganglia

A

located anterior to the vertebral column(ant to aorta)
celia, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia as well as scattered ganglial cells which exist in autonomic plexuses of the kidney and pelvis

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13
Q

Describe preganglionic fiber

A

efferent fiber from preganglionic neuron

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14
Q

describe postganglionic fiber

A

from the second neuron( bodies in peripheral ganglion)

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15
Q

What is the splanchnic nerve

A

sympathetic preganglionic fiber that does not synapse in paracertebral ganglion
synapse distally to a prevertebral ganglion closer to organis which they innervate

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16
Q

Describe pathway of preganglionic sympathetic fibers

A

enter sympathetic chains ganglia via white rami communicans and either synapse at that level and exit gray rami communicans or ascend/descend a few segments
also! can pass through sympathetic chains and ganglion to pass via splanchnic nerve to a pre-vertebral ganglion

17
Q

Head and Neck sympathetic distribution

A

T1-T4

18
Q

Thorax sympathetic distribution

A

T1-T6

19
Q

Upper Limb sympathetic distribution

A

T2-T7

20
Q

Abdomen sympathetic distribution

A

T5-L2

21
Q

Pelvis and Perineum sympathetic distribution

A

T11-L2

22
Q

Lower limb sympathetic distribution

A

T10-L2/L3

23
Q

How do parasympathetic pre-ganglionic fibers travel

A

through CN and via plexuses on surface of organs.

24
Q

Which spinal nerve is the exception and carries PANS fibers

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4

25
Q

Which autonomic fiber does not exist in plexuses on surfaces of arterial blood vessels

A

postganglionic PANS

26
Q

Differences in the ratio of post vs preganglionic fibers ins SANS and PANS

A

post:pre is much greater in SANS versus the PANS
global effects of SANS
local effects PANS

27
Q

What mediates the preganglionic synapse with postganglionic neuron

A

Ach for both SANS PANS

28
Q

What mediates the postganglionic synapse with effector organ

A

PANS- Ach

SANS- Norepi

29
Q

How is acute visceral pain better localized

A

pain fibers parallel the preganglionic sympathetic fibers that arise from specific segments so enter at same level

30
Q

Referred pain with dermatomes is limited to what levels

A

T1-L2 because these afferent pain fibers travel with sympathetic visceral motor system

31
Q

Viscerosomatic reflex

A

visceral afferent stimulation results in somatic responses. usually increased sympathetic tone.

MSK EXAM I (9 decks)

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