Anomalies Flashcards
1
Q
Turner’s Hypoplasia (Enamel)
A
- Periapical inflammatory disease of overlying deciduous tooth
- Varies from focal areas of white to yellow to brown discoloration to extensive hypoplasia
- Permanent PM frequent
- Anterior teeth less frequent bc crown formed before development of PA disease
- Cause: Trauma or caries in deciduous teeth
- MX CIs common
- Clinical appearance of permanent successor dependent on timing and severity of damage
2
Q
Hypoplasia from Exanthematous Fever
A
- Age 2-3: Rows of pits or diminished enamel on permanent anterior incisors & M1s
- Age 4-5: Similar pattern seen in cuspids, bicuspids, M2s
- Temporal line: Line of deformed enamel
3
Q
Fluorosis
A
- Fluoride enamel defects through retention of amelogenin proteins in enamel
- Creates hypomaturation of enamel, alters light reflection and gives white chalky areas
- Critical period is 2nd to 3rd yr of life when permanent teeth are forming
- Dose dependent from 1.2ppm to 0.7ppm w/ fluorosis in excess of 2.0ppm
- Local excess fluoride from toothpaste ingestion or from fluoride supplements given to infant
- Long term excess fluoride in H2O
4
Q
Congenital Syphilis
A
- Transmitted across placenta from infected mother to fetus
- In untreated mother
- Oral Manifestations
- Hutchinson’s Incisors: Anterior teeth have crowns shaped like flat screwdrivers
- Mulberry Molars: Posterior teeth have constricted occlusal tables w/ disorganized surface anatomy
5
Q
Tooth wear
A
- Normal physiologic loss of dental structures
- Considered pathologic when creates functional, esthetic, or dental sensitivity
6
Q
Attrition
A
Loss of tooth structure caused by tooth to tooth contact
7
Q
Abrasion
A
Pathologic wearing of tooth structure by mechanical action of external agent
8
Q
Erosion
A
Loss of tooth structure caused by nonbacterial chemical process
9
Q
Perimolysis
A
Erosion from dental exposure to gastric secretions
10
Q
Abfraction
A
- Loss of tooth structure from occlusal stresses that create tooth flexure w/ failure of enamel and dentin
- Enamel rods are weaker under compression than tension
11
Q
Ankylosis
A
- Anatomic fusion of cementum or dentin to bone
- Cause unknown
- Teeth frequently involved
- Primary MN M1
- Primary MN M2
- Primary MX M1
- Primary MX M2
- Rarely permanent teeth
- Tx
- Ortho cannot move teeth
- Extraction of tooth will allow permanent tooth to erupt
- No permanent tooth: Esthetic build up
12
Q
Hypodontia
A
- Denotes lack of one or more teeth
-
Anodontia: Complete lack of tooth development
- Anodontia is rare and associated w/ ectodermal dysplasia
- Oligodontia: Lack of 6 or more teeth
- Absence of missing primary = strong chance of missing permanent successor
- M3s, MN PM2, MX LIs
13
Q
Anodontia
A
- Complete lack of tooth development
- Rare and associated w/ ectodermal dysplasia
14
Q
Oligodontia
A
Lack of 6 or more teeth
15
Q
Hyperdontia
A
- Development of increased # of teeth
-
Supernumerary tooth: Single tooth hyperdontia
- 75% of cases
- 95% in MX
- Most common in incisor region
- Mesiodens: Supernumerary tooth in MX incisor area
- Distomolar: Supernumerary M4
- Paramolar: Supernumerary buccal or lingual to molar tooth
- Natal or Neonatal teeth: 85% are primary MN incisors
16
Q
Supernumerary tooth
A
- Single tooth hyperdontia
- Most common in incisor region
17
Q
Mesiodens
A
Supernumerary tooth in MX incisor area
