Annelids

Question 1

Chaetopterus

Answer 1

• phylum: annelida
• middle segments are modified to old all of air for buoyancy
  
  • can also be used to hold water to be burrowed into the sand
• found in plaegic regions of the ocean
• two inches long
• common in certain areas

Question 2

Eunice

Answer 2

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Errantia
  
  • common name: Bobbit Worm
  • ambushed animals
  • 10ft long
  • iridescent skin
  • sensory tentacles
  • massive jaws that lock into place and snap shut on their prey
    
    • chitiness

Question 3

Nereis

Answer 3

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Errantia
  
  • common name: sand worms or clam worm
  • classic annelid
  • porodigoum where segements grow up from
    
    • prostoiumum & parastomium
      
      • parastomium palps/tentacles
  • parapodium
    
    • setae embedded for sensory
    • dorsal & ventral lobe for respiration & sensing
  • Epitoke and Atoke (this detaches for broadcast spawning) produce
  • can be used to fish with in the north in the deep sea

Question 4

Sabella

Answer 4

• phylum: annelida
• class: sedentaria
  
  • common name: peacock fan worm
  • similar to cerianthus
    
    • both makes tubes out of parchment
      
      • make parchment tubes out of sand grain, mucous, and protein
        
        • can withdraw tentacles in case for protection
      • tentacles for catching prey
  • unlike cerianthus
    
    • catch small organic particles on their cilia
  • radiules
  • radiating pinnules that sort the size of the food to put in their mouth and separate sand from food
  • ciliary feeder

Question 5

Amphitrite

Answer 5

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Sedentaria
  
  • common name: ornate worm
  • burrows into the sand and spreads tentacles on the surface of the ocean floor
  • tentacles that differ from sabella
    
    • no pinnules radiating out: less surface area
      
      • finding food on the floor
    • cilia on the ventral and dorsal side
      
      • can catch food that is falling on them and food that is already on the floor
  • deposit feede

Question 6

Arenicola

Answer 6

• phylum: annelida
• class: sedentaria
  
  • common name: lug worms
    
    • can be called earthworms of the sea
      
      • share convergent abilities
  • parapodia present is due to their respiration
  • sand filter eaters
    
    • dig a burrow, pump water through that burrow and eat the sand

Question 7

Osedax

Answer 7

• phylum: annelida
  -class: sedentaria
• family: siboglinidae
  
  • bone eating worm
  • no digestive system
    
    • rely on mutualistic bacteria to do digestive for them
    • trophosome: harbors mutualstic bacteria that does digesting for them
    • opithosome: secretes acid bone and cartilinagous tissue
  • scavengers (whales that have already been dead)
  • tentacles are used for respiration

Question 8

Bonellia

Answer 8

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Sedentaria
• Family: Echiuridae
  
  • common name: green spoon worm
  • non-parasitic
  • dont have internal septa
  • respire through a hind gut
  • 8 inches long, a meter long when proboscis extended
  • bonellin that makes them green
    
    • also a toxin that kills bacteria, fungi, and red blood cells
      
      • paralyze prey and protect themselves from infection
    • influences their sex
      
      • if embryo lands on area with low concentration it becomes female
      • if embyro lands on area high concentration which become male that stay inside the female worm to simply produce sperm

Question 9

Lumbricus

Answer 9

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Sedentaria
• Order Clitellata
  
  • common name: earthworms
  • two important reasons
    
    • arate the soil
    • ecosystem engineers
    • used for fishing
  • clitelium
    
    • anterior portion
    • two functions
      
      • muscous like glue that helps the worm stick together
      • mucous band that turns in to a chitin band that becomes like an incubator for the embyro

Question 10

Tubifex

Answer 10

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Sedentaria
• Order: Clitellata
  
  • common name: carolina poop monster
  • occupy habitats where other creatures cannot live
    
    • can respire anaerobically
  • form congregations
    
    • can respond colonially to touch, light, & other sense

Question 11

Hirudo

Answer 11

• Phylum: Annelida
• Class: Sedentaria
  -Family: Clitellata
  
  • historically used for blood leading, “drawing the bad blood out”
  • used for microsurgery
  • has anticoagulants
    
    • some of their proteins are used in blood thinning medications

Question 12

Siphunculus

Answer 12

• phylum: sipuncula
  
  • common name: fat inn-keepers & peanut worm
  • plentiful in southeast asia
    
    • eaten as a food
• synapomorphy is their introvert tentacle:
  
  • introvert: head that goes in for protection
  • extrovert: for feeding

Question 13

What does immunoglobulin e do in the body?

Answer 13

goes around the body looking for parasites