animals (vertabrates) Flashcards
triaits of phylum chordates (at least at some point in their lives + always)
- nerve cord
- notocord
- gill slits
- body extends past anus to take
- bilaterally symmetrical
- ventral heart
what is the largest group of chordates?
vertebrates
traits of vertebrates (hint: 6)
- backbone made of cartilage or bone
- 2 pairs of appendages
- skulls with large brains
- large coelom houses internal organs
- central heart pumps blood
- skin covers body in 2 layers
purposes of a backbone
- supports body
- protects nerve cord and brain
- attachment site for muscles
what is the benefit of 2 sets of appendages?
faster movement
how is gas exchange done based on habitat?
aquatic: through gills
terrestrial: through lungs
3 classes of aquatic chrodates
Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes
traits and examples of class agnatha
- jawless
- no paired fins
ex: hagfish
traits and examples of class chondrichtyes
- made of cartilage
- marine
- paired fins
- internal fertilization
- birth live young
ex: rays. sharks
traits and examples of class osteiochthyes
- scales
- external fertilization
ex: bony fish
other 4 classes of chordates
amphibia, reptilia, aves, mammals
traits and examples of amphibia (hint:5)
- Develop into air breathing terrestrials
-  fertilized eggs develop in water than metamorphosis into terrestrials - Can breathe through skin
- Three chambered heart
ex: frogs, toads, salamanders
traits and examples of class reptilia + reproduction
- don’t need water to reproduce
- Internal fertilization then lay eggs
- heart deliver more oxygen than in amphibians
ex: crocodiles, turtles, lizards
traits and examples of class aves
- horny scales on legs
- lay eggs
- endotherms
- feathers
- hallow bones 
traits and examples of class mammals + reproduction
- hair
- 4 chambered heart
- glands do produce milk
- specialized teeth
- internal fertilization
