Animals: Arthropods

Question 1

Phylum: Arthropods
-Arthropoda: “jointed foot”
-__________ species
-most ________ phylum
-extremely diverse
-______ in all habitats (land, air, oceans, freshwater)

Answer 1

->1 million
-species rich
-thrive

Question 2

Phylum: Arthropods
Intersect with humans in many ways

Sometimes in _________ ways:
-mosquitoes, flies, fleas, and ticks transmit _________________ as they consume human _______
-bees and scorpions ________
-________ chew wood in our homes

Answer 2

-negative
-infectious disease
-blood
-sting
-termites

Question 3

Phylum Arthropods
Intersect with humans in many ways

Sometimes in ________ ways:
-some industries rely on arthropods
-__________________
-_______
-food such as shrimp, crabs, lobsters, crawfishes
-insects _________ many plants
-spiders eat ______ pests

Answer 3

-positive
-beeswax, honey
-silk
-pollinate
-crop

Question 4

Phylum: Arthropods
-Protostomes
-most closely related phylum: _____________
-animals in both phyla periodically ____ as they ______(ecdysis)

Synapomorphies:
-_____________
-______________
-segmented

Answer 4

-nematodes
-molt
-grow
-exoskeleton
-jointed appendages

Question 5

Phylum: Arthropods
Segmentation
-unlike annelids, arthropod segments do not all _____________
-three major body regions: the head, thorax, and abdomen
-segments develop ______________ (feeding, walking, or flying)

Answer 5

-function alike
-specialized functions

Question 6

Phylum: Arthropods
Appendages
-not only ______ and _____
-also antennae, copulatory organs, ornaments, weapons, and mouthparts
-many modifications to ____________
-eat almost everything (dead organic matter, plant parts, other animals)

Answer 6

-feet
-legs
-mouthparts

Question 7

Phylum: Arthropods
Exoskeleton
-skeleton on the ________ of an animal
-rigid outer _______
-made mostly of ________, protein, and (sometimes) calcium salts
*keeps animal from ________ on land
-protects and supports the body
-thin, ____________ areas create movable joints between body segments and within appendages

Answer 7

-outside
-covering
-chitin
-drying out
-flexible

Question 8

Phylum: Arthropods
Exoskeleton
*____________: to grown, an animal must molt and ______ a bigger one
-animal is __________ when new exoskeleton is still ______

Answer 8

-drawback
-secrete
-vulnerable
-soft

Question 9

Phylum: Arthropods
Defenses
-exoskeleton not the only defense
-can _________________, make noises, emit foul odors or ________ that deter predators
-camouflage, _________
-jump, run, roll into a ball, dig into soil, or fly away when threatened

Answer 9

-bite, sting, pinch
-toxins
-mimicry

Question 10

Phylum: Arthropods
-Brain and ventral nerve cords
-active, fast, _______ to _________
-ex. _______ of a fly when avoiding a swatter
-eyes, bristles, antennae (______________) detect light, sound, touch, vibrations, air currents, and chemical signals
-help find food, identify mates, escape predation

Answer 10

-sensitive
-environment
-speed
-sensory structures

Question 11

Phylum: Arthropods
-open circulatory systems
-_________ heart propels circulating _______ in space surrounding most organs

Answer 11

-tubelike
-fluid

Question 12

Phylum: Arthropods
Respiratory system
-in most _____ arthropods, body wall perforated with _______ (spiracles)
-open into a series of branching tubes called trachae (gas exchange)
-transport O2 and CO2 directly to and from
-_______ and ________ have stacked folds of tissue called __________ (large surface area for gas exchange)
-Aquatic arthropods have extensively branched ______

Answer 12

-land
-holes
-spiders
-scorpions
-book lungs
-gills