Animals

Question 1

Levels of organization

Answer 1

Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism

Question 2

What is a tissue?

Answer 2

-An integrated group of similar cells that perform a specific task (muscle tissue)

Question 3

What is an organ?

Answer 3

-Made up of two or more types of tissues that together perform a specific task (heart)

Question 4

What is an organ system?

Answer 4

-Consists of multiple organs that together perform a vital body function (circulatory system)

Question 5

How are animals structurally adapted to enhance exchange between their bodies and their environment? Which systems in particular are helpful with this?

Answer 5

-Since cells can only receive nutrients and oxygen through a few layers of cells, animals have to make their own way for necessities to get to all cells
-The respiratory system exchanges gases between
the external environment and blood
-The digestive system acquires food and eliminates
wastes
-The circulatory system:
––distributes gases, nutrients, and wastes throughout the body
––exchanges materials between blood and body cells through the interstitial fluid that bathes body cells

Question 6

What is homeostasis?

Answer 6

-The active maintenance of a steady state within the body

Question 7

What are 3-4 examples of internal factors that are kept constant in animals?

Answer 7

• Body temp
• Glucose (blood sugar)
• pH
• O2 and CO2 in bloodstream

Question 8

How is body temp regulation an example of negative feedback?

Answer 8

• HIGH TEMP&raquo_space; blood vessels in skin dilate and heat escapes, sweat glands secrete sweat that evaporates, cooling body
• LOW TEMP&raquo_space; blood vessels in skin constrict (minimizing heat loss), skeletal muscles rapidly contract (causing shivering which generates heat)
• Body temp 36-38 C