Animal Welfare in Population Health Flashcards
what do AVMA’s policies pertain to
animals used in research, teaching, and testing
what is the overriding goal of the AWA and the AVMA animal welfare policies?
avoid animal pain and distress
what institution inspects all animals used in research, teaching, and testing in facilities wanting to demonstrate their compliance with The Guide
AAALAC international
what are the general steps of creating change
- tradition
- social conflict and politics
- social pressure on institutions
- revised public policies
- revised laws and regulations
- evolving traditions
Animal Welfare Act regulating agency
USDA APHIS
(Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
enforced by veterinarians
Animal Welfare Act goal and methods of enforcement
reduce pain and suffering in animals used in teaching, research, and testing
NOT rats, mice, birds
established requirements, inspections, IACUC, and funding
US Constitution Commerce Clause and Public Health Service Act enforcing agency
CDC
US Constitution Commerce Clause and Public Health Service Act main goals
prevents dog imports from rabies countries
requires US dogs returning from another country to be vaccinated, titers, and chipped
US Gov. Principles for Use of Vertebrate Animals in Teaching, Research, and Training (NIH Policy) enforcing agency
OLAW (office of laboratory animal welfare)
AAALAC International Accreditation (performs inspections)
US Gov. Principles for Use of Vertebrate Animals in Teaching, Research, and Training (NIH Policy) main goals
compliance with “The Guide to the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” for all vertebrates INCLUDING rats, mice, and birds
what are the two major legislative shifts that have occurred
- stolen pets
- draize testing on rabbits
what did stolen pets lead to
Lab Animal Welfare Act
what did draize testing on rabbits lead to
major revisions of the AWA to include IACUC and require use of alternatives when possible
created the Health Research Extension Act
revisions to Animal Welfare Act in 1985
- enforcement by APHIS
- established university IACUC
- implemented responsible university officials
- requires consideration of alternatives to painful procedures (policy 11 and 12)
- required training in animal care
- specified animals in research, testing, and teaching but NOT rats, mice, birds
USDA policy 11
requires the principal investigators to consider alternatives to procedures that cause more than momentary or slight pain or distress to animals
USDA policy 12
requires a written narrative of methods used and sources consulted
is there a systemic inspection process in place for imported dogs
NO
what are the levels of rabies control in the US
- AWA: required import permit at 6 months of age including vet exam, rabies vaccine, and ID
- US Constitution Public Health Service Act: no dogs can be imported from rabies countries
Healthy Dog Importation Act
prohibits the importation of a live dog into the US unless the USDA determines the dog is in good health, has received all vaccines and parasite treatment and negative test results, and is permanently IDed
dogs must be 6 months old or older
proposed 2023 bill
APHIS would be the enforcing agency
when was the AWA modified to include birds
2002
no enforcement measures were in place until 2023
AVMA Welfare Policies
consensus opinions for standard of practice and care; published every 3 years
includes many controversial topics involving veterinarians, farmers, etc.
