Animal tissues, organs, and organ systems

Question 1

What is a cell?

Answer 1

Basic structural and functional unit of a living organism

Question 2

What is a tissue?

Answer 2

Group of cells with similar structures, working together to perform a shared function

Question 3

What is an organ?

Answer 3

Structure made up of a group of tissues, working together to perform specific functions

Question 4

What is an organ system?

Answer 4

Group of organs with related functions, working together to perform body functions

Question 5

What are the different molecules?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids

Question 6

Why cant the molecules pass through the absorbing surface of the gut wall?

Answer 6

Too large

Question 7

What is amylase?

Answer 7

An enzyme that can break down starch into simple sugars

Question 8

What is bile?

Answer 8

A substance produced in the liver. It emulsifies fats to prepare them for digestion

Question 9

What is carbohydrase?

Answer 9

Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

Question 10

What is the definition of denatured?

Answer 10

To change the shape of an enzyme’s active site

Enzyme no longer works

Question 11

What is digestion?

Answer 11

The breakdown of large insoluble food molecules to smaller soluble ones

They are then able to be absorbed into the blood

Question 12

What does emulsify mean?

Answer 12

To mix water with fats and oils to produce a cloudy mixture called an emulsion

Question 13

What is an enzyme?

Answer 13

A protein which catalyses or speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 14

What is the function of the gaul bladder?

Answer 14

Stores bile before releasing it into the duodenum

Question 15

What is glucose?

Answer 15

A simple sugar used by cells for respiration

Question 16

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 16

processing substances absorbed by the digestive system and a role in the storage of the body’s carbohydrate

Produces bile

Question 17

What is the pancreas?

Answer 17

produces digestive enzymes

Question 18

What organs make up the digestive system?

Answer 18

Mouth (physical breakdown + chewing) (salivary glands)
Oesophagus
stomach (contracts muscular walls + produces pepsin + HCL)
Small intestine (food absorbed into bloodstream)
Pancreas (produces lots of enzymes)
Large intestine (absorbs excess water)
Liver (produces bile)
Gaul bladder (stores bile)

Question 19

Function of the mouth?

Answer 19

Begins the digestion of carbohydrates

Question 20

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 20

Begins the digestion of protein; small molecules such as alcohol absorbed

Question 21

What is the function of the small intestine? (Duodenum)

Answer 21

Continues the digestion of carbohydrate and protein; begins the digestion of lipids

Question 22

What is the function of the small intestine?

Ileum

Answer 22

Completes the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins into single sugars and amino acids;

absorption of single sugars, amino acids and fatty acids and glycerol

Question 23

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 23

Absorption of water; egestion of undigested food

Question 24

What is the function of digestive enzymes?

Answer 24

used to break down food in the gut into small, soluble molecules that can be absorbed through the gut wall

Question 25

How is the small intestine adapted?

Answer 25

intestine wall is folded, and contains villi

Question 26

What is the product of carbohydrates?

Answer 26

Simple sugars

Question 27

What is the product of starch?

Answer 27

Glucose

Question 28

What does the liver excrete?

Answer 28

Bile

Question 29

Where is bile stored?

Answer 29

Gaull bladder

Question 30

What is surface area to volume ratio?

Answer 30

surface area, defines how quickly they can absorb substances

size of their volume defines how much of these substances they need

Question 31

How is exchange surfaces in the leaf adapted?

Answer 31

Flattered structure

Question 32

How is exchange surfaces in the small intestine adapted?

Answer 32

Villi - network of blood capillaries in each villus in the small intestine

Question 33

How is the villi adapted?

Answer 33

Finger-like projections in the small intestine that provide a large surface area for the absorption of food

Very good blood supply

Single layer of surface cells

Question 34

How is exchange surfaces in the lungs adapted?

Answer 34

the network of blood capillaries that surrounds each alveolus in the lungs

Question 35

What is the lock and key model theory?

Answer 35

Substrate had to fit perfectly

Question 36

How are villi adapted?

Answer 36

• Micro villi which increases surface area
• So more molecules can be absorbed into the bloosstream
• Thin walls