Animal tissues

Question 1

What are the 4 main categories of tissues in animals? And what are their roles?

Answer 1

• Nervous tissue = Transmission of electrical impulses
• Epithelial tissue = Cover body surface, internal + external
• Muscle tissue = Contraction
• Connective tissue = Holds other tissues together, also transport medium

Question 2

What is the role of squamous epithelium?

Answer 2

Forms lining of lungs + allows rapid diffusion of O2 into blood

Question 3

What is the appearance of squamous epithelium?

Answer 3

• Flat appearance
• Very thin = Due to flat cells making them up + bc its 1 cell thick

Made up of specialised squamous epithelial cells

Present when rapid diffusion across surface needed

Question 4

What is the role of ciliated epithelium?

Answer 4

Lines the trachea, causing mucus to be swept away from lungs

Question 5

How is the ciliated epithelium specialised to do its role?

Answer 5

• Cilia (hair-like) on 1 surface that move rhythmically
• Goblet cells present = Releases mucus to trap unwanted particles, like bacteria, present in air. Stops it getting to alveoli once in lungs

Question 6

What is the role of cartilage?

Answer 6

Prevents ends of bones rubbing together + creating damage

Question 7

Where is cartilage found?

Answer 7

Connective tissue found in outer ear, nose, and inbetween + at ends of bones

Question 8

How is cartilage specialised to do its role?

Answer 8

• Contains fibres of proteins (collagen + elastin)
• Firm + composed of chondrocyte cells embedded in extracellular matrix

Question 9

What are the differentiated tissues in animals?

Answer 9

Ciliated epithelium, cartilage, squamous epithelium, muscle

Question 10

What is the role of muscle?

Answer 10

Contraction - needs to be able to shorten in strength (contract) to move bones

Question 11

What do skeletal muscle fibres contain?

Answer 11

Myofibrils which contain contractile proteins

Theres diff types of muscle fibres