animal test chapter 25 Flashcards
invertebrates
all animals that lack a backbone
4 characteristics of chordates
- pharyngeal pouches
- notochord
- dorsal hollow nerve chord
- a tail that extends beyond the anus
feedback inhibition
the negative feedback that animals get to notify their brain when something is wrong
what is the job of the respiratory and circulatory systems?
- gathering and distributing O2
- collecting CO2 and eliminating it from the body
What is the job of the digestive and circulatory systems?
getting nutrients and distributing them to body systems
What is the job of the circulatory, digestive and excretory systems?
Collection and elimination of metabolic wastes
What are the seven features of animal body plans?
levels of organization, body symmetry, germ layers, body cavity, embryological development, segmentation, cephalization
what is radial symmetry?
any number of planes could be drawn through the centre of the body
What is bilateral symmetry?
only one plane of symmetry can be drawn
What is the endoderm?
innermost germ layer that develops into the linings of the digestive tract and much of the respiratory system
What is the mesoderm?
the middle layer that becomes the muscles, circulatory, reproductive and excretory systems
What is the ectoderm?
The outermost layer that becomes sense organs, nerves and outermost skin layer
What is the coelom?
body cavity lined with mesoderm
What is a pseudocoelom?
a body cavity only partially lined with mesoderm
What is a zygote?
a fertilized egg
What is a blastula?
a hollow ball of cells
What are protostomes?
When the blastopore becomes the mouth
What are deuterostomes?
When the blastopore becomes the anus
what is cephalization?
The concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the anterior end of the body (brain/head formation)
What is the body plan of sponges?
- specialized cells
- body symmetry: absent
- germ layers: absent
- body cavity: absent
5: embryological development: absent
6: segmentation: absent - cephalization: absent
What is the body plan of cniderians?
- specialized cells, tissues
- body symmetry: radial
- germ layers: two
- body cavity: acoelum
5: embryological development: absent
6: segmentation: absent - cephalization: absent
What is the body plan of platyhelminthes?
- specialized cells, tissues and organs
- body symmetry: bilateral
- germ layers: three
- body cavity: acoelum
5: embryological development: protostome
6: segmentation: absent - cephalization: present
What is the body plan of Nematoda?
- specialized cells, tissues and organs
- body symmetry: bilateral
- germ layers: three
- body cavity: pseudocoelum
5: embryological development: protostome
6: segmentation: absent - cephalization: present
What is the body plan of molluscs?
- specialized cells, tissues and organs
- body symmetry: bilateral
- germ layers: three
- body cavity: coelum
5: embryological development: protostome
6: segmentation: absent - cephalization: present
