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Ranch Managment > Animal Health Test 2 > Flashcards

Animal Health Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What herd history do you look at?

A

Morbidity, Mortality, suddenness of onset, appearance of dead, look at overall herd.

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2
Q

What should observations include

A

Behavior, Skin, secretions, fill, resiritory rate, movement and temp

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3
Q

normal bovine temp

A

101.5

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4
Q

Post mortem

A

examinations of dead animal, should be done within 2 or three hours of death

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5
Q

cultures

A

Organism grown in a lab in a dish.

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6
Q

define obstetrical

A

assistance in calving

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7
Q

best type of treatment

A

Preventative, which is a minipulation of production variables.

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8
Q

Gram Positive Organisms

A

usually easier to treat and control

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9
Q

Gram Negative Organism

A

more severe and harder to treat

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10
Q

Sulfa Based Drucks

A

make sure animal is hydrated first. This allows it to work and stop replication of invacing organisms

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11
Q

Diuretic

A

increase the excretion of urin

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12
Q

Nutritional treatments

A

Vitamins, amino acids and glucose. Injected

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13
Q

Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

A

Nuflor, Resflor, Draxxin, Baytril, Zuprevo

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14
Q

Best absorption of meds

A

giving through IV

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15
Q

Second fastest absorption of meds

A

giving Interperitioneal

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16
Q

Signs of Anaphylactic Shock

A

Rapid breathing, swelling of eyelids, salavation, Incoordination, collapse and death

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17
Q

What is treatment for Anaphlyactic Shock

A

Epinephrine

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18
Q

Septicemia

A

Whole body infection in the blood (blood poisoning)

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19
Q

Railer

A

Chronic, only good for salvage value

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20
Q

What are the causative organisms?

A

Bacteria, Virus, Fungus, Protozoan

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21
Q

What amount of weather swing gets cattle sick?

A

40 degree swings, starting looking at 30

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22
Q

Factors to the onset of disease

A

Contaminated air, nutrition, water, heredity, Climate and Weather.

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23
Q

Define Endemic

A

occurs regularly in a specific area

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24
Q

Epizootic

A

widespread, affects many animals over a wide area.

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25
Q

Routes of infection

A

Ingetion, Direct contact, inhalation, coitus, parasites, contact, direct exposure

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26
Q

define virulent

A

fast growing and produces severe disease

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27
Q

Different forms of Defense

A

Antibodies, Tissue resistance, Phagocytes of white blood corpuscles

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28
Q

Natural Immunity

A

Passive immunity and active immunity

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29
Q

Acquired immunity

A

Naturally acquired, artificially acquired.

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30
Q

Antiserum

A

Blood serum from a highly immunized animal. fast immunity but short lived.

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31
Q

Killed Virus Vaccine

A

Stimulates the production of antibodies when injected

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32
Q

MLV

A

no longer causes the disease but creates immunity

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33
Q

Antitoxin

A

antiserum, blood serum made in response to toxin producing organsim

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34
Q

Anemia

A

to little blood

35
Q

Leukemia

A

abnormal increase in white blood cells

36
Q

Leukopenia

A

abnormal decrease in white blood cells

37
Q

Septicemia

A

blood poisoning

38
Q

Uremia

A

accumulation of urea toxic waste in the blood. normally has kidney disease. waste are not filtered out

39
Q

Edema

A

excessive fluid accumulation in tissue leases to swelling

40
Q

Signs of inflammation

A

heat, redness, swelling, pain, disturbed function

41
Q

causes of inflammation

A

mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical

42
Q

Symptoms of fever

A

Change in body temp, increase heart rate, change in membrane excretions, increased thirst, occasional shivering, depressed appetite.

43
Q

Where is hardware disease located

A

Reticulum

44
Q

Bloat

A

accumulation of gases in rumen

45
Q

How do animals die in bloat

A

Absorption of toxic substances, and pressure on internal organs

46
Q

Causes of bloat

A

Change in compostion of pasture plants, alot of small grains in diet, lush legume pastures, clovers, blockage

47
Q

Bloat prevention

A

High Fiber in diet, dont turn out hungry cattle, fill them up first.

48
Q

Symptoms of bloat

A

large left side, labored breathing, staggered gait, goes down or collapses

49
Q

Scours

A

rapid discharge of food materials due to nutritional disorder or infection.

50
Q

Acute acidosis

A

Overload, overeating of grain and other highly fermentable feeds. Typically in the feedlot.

51
Q

symptoms of acidosis

A

dry muzzle, increased reparatory rate, dehydration, drunk walk, depression, seem very full. Wont eat for a few days

52
Q

Rumenitis

A

Liver abscess complex that starts in the rumen

53
Q

How to prevent rumenitis

A

make gradual rotion changes

54
Q

symptoms of Ketosis

A

Constipation, mucous covered shit, weight loss.

55
Q

how to cure ketosis

A

Drench with Propylene Glycol

56
Q

What does a cow with milk fever look like

A

cow down with head in her flank

57
Q

how to treat milk fever

A

CMPK

58
Q

Grass Tetany

A

Wheat pasture poisoning. Lack of magnesiym in the blood. Cattle will have severe paddling convulsions.

59
Q

Cure for grass tetany

A

CMPK

60
Q

Prevention of grass tetany

A

Increase salt intake, good mineral program

61
Q

Prevention of pinkeye

A

Fly control and vaccines

62
Q

Treatment of pinkeye

A

cover it

63
Q

Where does cancer eye start

A

Nictitating membrane, outside of eye

64
Q

Pathology by parasites

A

Absorption of food, blood sucking, tussue damage, mechanical obstruction, toxin production.

65
Q

Location of infection

A

Digestive tract, Lungs, Liver, kidneys, skin

66
Q

Treatment for flukes

A

Ivomec +, Valbazen

67
Q

What kind of wormer kills tapeworms

A

White drench only

68
Q

Biggest loss in cattle profits

A

Roundworms

69
Q

Baddest roundworm

A

Ostertagia

70
Q

Two families of wormers

A

White dewormers, Avermectins,

71
Q

White dewormers

A

Safe Guard, Valbazen, Synanthic

72
Q

Avermectins

A

Ivomec, Dectomax, Cydectin

73
Q

Managment practices recommended to reduce internal parasite problems

A

Raise feed bunks, rotate pastures, never overgraze, keep nutrition level high, Dung Beetles.

74
Q

Reasons to control external parasites

A

Weight Loss, damage, disease prevention, death loss

75
Q

Types of Insecticides

A

Organic phosphates, Pyrethroids, Avermectins

76
Q

Symptoms of insectiside poisoning

A

Severe headache, lack of coordination, nausea, blurred vision, muscle weakness and twitching, excessive salivation and eye watering

77
Q

Safety measures with insectisides

A

Read the label, spray in ventilated areas, Avoid contact with skin, Proper meds available, keep a copy of the label.

78
Q

50% of the estimated of annual loss to cattle from all categories of livestock

A

Biting Flies

79
Q

Types of biting flies

A

Stable fly, horn fly, horse fly, grubs

80
Q

economic threshhold of stable flies

A

5-8

81
Q

What fly lay their eggs in undusturbed bovine manure

A

Horn Fly

82
Q

Economic threshold of a horn fly

A

200

83
Q

Major tick familes

A

Hard ticks and soft ticks

84
Q

How do you control lice?

A

treating all the cattle at once with a pour on in late fall.

Ranch Managment (10 decks)

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