Animal Diversity Coral Larvae Paper

Question 1

Coral larvae respond to … cues that may facilitate detection of … from large distances and from … of preferred settlement locations.

Answer 1

acoustic, habitat, upcurrent

Question 2

Settling coral larvae were attracted to reef sounds, produced mainly by…

Answer 2

fish and crustaceans

Question 3

This study is the first description of an auditory response in…

Answer 3

the invertebrate phylum cnidaria

Question 4

If coral larvae use reef noise as a cue for orientation, the alleviation of … … in the marine environment may gain further ….

Answer 4

noise pollution, urgency

Question 5

… … produced by reef organisms provide important settlement cues for coral larvae

Answer 5

Chemical compounds

• can only be detected when larvae come into close proximity with organisms producing these compounds
• can only be detected downcurrent

Question 6

Sound propagates much further than light underwater both as … … and … …

Answer 6

particle motion, acoustic pressure

Question 7

This study looked at the movement of coral larvae in choice chambers oriented towards underwater speakers playing reef sounds, which consisted of…

Answer 7

fish calls and grunts and the continuous crackling sound of snapping shrimps

Question 8

In each trial, using … chambers directed towards underwater speakers playing a compilation of day and night reef sounds, free-swimming coral larvae moved … towards the speakers independent of … ….
When the chambers were placed 0.5 m below the speakers, larvae moved towards the … … of the chambers.
When the speakers were silent, larvae distributed themselves … … the chambers … of the loudspeakers’ position

Answer 8

six, predominantly, chamber orientation, upper surface, randomly, independent

Question 9

Movement towards the source of the reef sounds indicates that coral larvae are capable of … and … to acoustic cues in a … manner.

Answer 9

detecting, responding, directional

Question 10

Why is the upward vertical movement of larvae when reef sounds are played from above particularly interesting?

Answer 10

It shows a preference for sound that overrides the tendency for competent coral larvae to swim down towards the reef substrate

Question 11

Other major sensory modalities which enable detection of …, … and … have all previously been demonstrated in coral larvae

Answer 11

light (photoreception), substrates (mechanoreception), chemicals (chemoreception)

Question 12

Which species was used?

Answer 12

Montastraea faveolata

Question 13

How near to the speaker were the front ends of the plexiglass chambers?

Answer 13

1m

Question 14

How many larvae were introduced to each chamber?

Answer 14

~500