Animal cells Flashcards
when was the first microscope invented?
16th century (1500s)
name similaraties between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane
name differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
eukaryotic - bigger, have a nucleus, have membrane-bound organelles
what is the function of the nucleus?
controls activities of the cell, where DNA is stored.
what is the function of the cytoplasm?
site of chemical reactions, contains other cell organelles, gives the cell shape
what is the function of the cell membrane?
controls passage of substances in and out of the cell
what is the function of the mitochondria?
where aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell, “powerhouse of the cell”
what is the function of the ribosome?
where protein synthesis takes place
what is the function of the lysosome?
break down cell waste / worn out organelles, role in apoptosis (programmed cell death)
why might cells need to die?
if the cell becomes cancerous, or if a cell is damaged
what is the function of cillia?
transports substances across cell surface
what subtances need to be moved around?
mucus across the lining of the lung
what do all animal cells begin life as?
stem cells
by what process do stem cells become more specialised?
differentiate (ion)
what is the role of a sperm cell?
transfer genetic material from the father
