animal biotech

Question 1

Animal biotech

Answer 1

application of scientific engineering to the processing of materials by animals to provide goods and services

Question 2

functional foods

Answer 2

have a positive effect on health beyond basic nutrition

Question 3

artificial insemination

Answer 3

collecting sperm cells and manually depositing them into the report system of a female

Question 4

embryo transfer

Answer 4

implanting a fertilized ovum into a uterus

Question 5

in vitro fertilization

Answer 5

eggs are fertilized in a dish resulting in embryos used for transfer or frozen for later use

Question 6

cloning

Answer 6

creation of an organism genetically identical to another using artificial embryo twinning or somatic cell nuclear transfer

Question 7

stem cell research

Answer 7

changing undifferentiated cells into specialized cells

Question 8

transgenic animals

Answer 8

carry a foreign gene that has been deliberately inserted into its genome

Question 9

transgenic advantages

Answer 9

increased growth, disease resistance, improved nutritional quality, increased muscle mass, wool production

Question 10

transgenic disadvantages

Answer 10

gene has multiple functions, breeding problems, functional disorders, low survival rate, ethics

Question 11

transgenic methods

Answer 11

embryonic stem cell, pronucleus, retrovirus mediated gene transfer

Question 12

embryonic stem cell method

Answer 12

transforming ES cells growing in tissue culture with desired DNA

Question 13

pronucleus method

Answer 13

injecting gene into pronucleus of a fertilized egg

Question 14

retrovirus method

Answer 14

retroviruses are used as vectors to transfer genetic material into the host cell

Question 15

transgenic cows

Answer 15

have extra coops of casein gene to increase milk protein

Question 16

transgenic pigs

Answer 16

fertilizing eggs with sperm cells containing foreign DNA

Question 17

transgenic sheep and goats

Answer 17

genes from dragline silk were put into a goat to be expressed in the form of milk

Question 18

gene knockout

Answer 18

1 or more of an organisms genes are made inoperative

Question 19

transgenic primates

Answer 19

transgene was incorporated into the gremlin and passed on to offspring; possible best model

Question 20

transgenic chickens

Answer 20

two methods:

1. infecting embryos with a viral vector carrying a human gene for a therapeutic protein and promoter sequence that will make protein in the egg white
2. transforming rooster sperm with a human gene and appropriate promoters

Question 21

antibodies

Answer 21

proteins developed by immune system that recognize specific antigens

Question 22

antigens

Answer 22

react with the products of a specific immune response

Question 23

myeloma cell

Answer 23

immortal tumor of lymphocytes

Question 24

monoclonal antibodies

Answer 24

made by fusing myeloma cells with spleen cells to create a hybridoma capable of unlimited growth