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A. Independant Africa > Angola > Flashcards

Angola Flashcards

1
Q

Why was Africa of strategic value

A
  • 3 Strategic seaways
  • Produces minerals for world markets
  • Contains significant oil, iron and phosphate reserves
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2
Q

What 3 strategic seaways does Africa have

A
  • Cape of Good Hope
  • Suez Canal
  • Horn of Africa
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3
Q

What types of minerals does Africa produce for the world market

A
  • Diamond
  • Gold
  • Cobalt
  • Uranium
  • Platinum
  • Copper
  • Manganese
  • Chrome
  • Vanadium
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4
Q

How was the USS involved in Africa

A
  • They wanted to secure the valuable,draw materials and prevent the spread of communism.
  • They provided financial and technical assistance to pro-western governments
  • They aided coups against democratically elected governments
  • They supported some civil wars to make sure their civil war agenda was being implemented
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5
Q

How was the USSR involved in Africa

A

They:
- Were interested in projects for development .˙. Concluded trading agreements, gave technical assistance, provided capital for investment/ weapons
- Wanted to extend communist influence
-

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6
Q

What was Africa’s initial response to bein involved with the uSSR and how did it change

A

They were cautious but eventually friendship treaties were signed with Angola and Mozambique

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7
Q

What were the revolutionary parties in Angola and Mozambique fighting for independence

A

MPLA- Angola

Frelimo- Mozambique

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8
Q

Why did the USSR support the revolutionary parties fighting for independence

A

Because they though it would help them to gain influence in Africa and spread communism

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9
Q

Which large prestigious project did the USSR become involved in

A

The great Aswan Dam in Egypt. They provided low interest loans and credit facilities

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10
Q

Why did China become involved in Africa

A

They wanted to introduce their own brand of communism (after ideological split) to Africa

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11
Q

How did china form diplomatic relations with Africa

A

The Chinese prime minister visited Africa offering support against the forces of colonialism

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12
Q

Who was the Chinese prime minister at the time

A

Zhou Enlai

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13
Q

Which countries did China establish links with

A
  • Angola
  • Mozambique
  • Rhodesia
  • Tanzania
  • Zambia
  • South West Africa
  • Mauritania
  • Somalia
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14
Q

What project was China involved in

A

The building of the Tan-Zim railway

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15
Q

Why was the Tan-Zim railway built

A

So that copper could easily be transported from Zambia to the Tanzanian coast

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16
Q

Why were African leaders angered by China’s involvement

A
  • Its involvement in internal affairs had caused much violence and bloodshed
  • Chinese propaganda had been blamed for unrest
  • China assisted many revolutionary groups trying to topple existing African governments
17
Q

What were the results of chinas increased involvement in african internal affairs

A

Many Chinese embassies were closed and 20 African states voted against Red China’s entry into the UNO

18
Q

How did china try to improve her image in Africa

A
  • stopped aiding revolutionary groups (unless they were guaranteed to succeed)
  • started to consult African leaders meaningfully and positively
  • agreed to finance the Tan-Zim Railway
19
Q

Why did the USA and the USSR become involved in a proxy war in Africa

A
  • Struggle for superiority (cap vs com)
  • wanted to increase influence in Horn of Africa
  • USA’s alliance with Ethiopia meant it could set up a military base and monitor communist Bloc countries
  • Because Ethiopia had violated many human rights in its rivalry with Somalia, it no longer received US aid and turned to the USSR and China
  • USSR took Ethiopia, USA tried to increase influence in countries surrounding Ethiopia
  • USSR supplied weapons to Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique and Angola
  • USA had economic interest in Namibia, Zaire, South Africa and Angola
  • USA chose to protect pro-western governments
20
Q

Why did Portugal colonise Angola

A

Slaves, rich fertile soils, diamonds and oil

21
Q

Why did Portugal not want to grant independence to Angola

A
  • Lost colonies in South America

- Rich resources

22
Q

What are assimilados

A

Africans who had adopted portages customs and language

23
Q

What are mesticos

A

People of Portuguese and African ancestry

24
Q

What did educated assimilados and mesticos observe

A

A series of British and french colonies becoming independence as well as the independence of the Congo which fade them notice that the colonial powers could be persuaded to hange its mind

A. Independant Africa (5 decks)

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