Angina

Question 0

Causes of heart attack

Answer 0

Blockage due to clot in narrowed artery

Question 1

Cause of angina

Answer 1

Narrowing a of coronary arteries

Question 2

Associated conditions

Answer 2

Hypertension
Absent pulses/bruits
Hyperlipidaemia
Diabetes/renal
Anaemia
Systolic murmur - aortic stenosis can cause Angina

Question 3

Investigation

Answer 3

History!
Blood- chol & glucose, Hb, renal function
ECG- ST depression & prolonged T wave? Usually normal
Excercise ECG
Radioisotope scan to assess perfusion
Coronary angiogram

Question 4

Causes of ST changes on the treadmill test

Answer 4

Abnormal resting ECG- eg BBB
Drugs (digoxin)
…

Question 5

What arteries are used to enter the body in coronary angiography

Answer 5

Radial or femoral artery

Question 6

Whine would you preform a coronary angiography

Answer 6

Limiting angina despite full medical treatment
Unstable angina
Other high risk features- post MI, ETT at low work load
Patients undergoing other cardiac op
Diagnostic angiogram

Question 7

Angina treatment - aiding prognosis

Answer 7

Statins
Aspirin
Clopidegral
Anticoagulants 
ACE inhibitors 

Severe- CABG (coronary artery bypass graph)

Question 8

Relieving symptoms

Answer 8

Beta blocker
Ca antagonists (verapamil)
Nitrates (body develops tolerance)
Nicorandil

Question 9

Treatment for limiting angina despite full medication

Answer 9

CABG

Angioplasty