ANG HULING LABAN Flashcards
Who designed the Harvard Mark 1
Howard Aiken
It is used to make ballistics calculations during WWII
Harvard Mark 1
In 1440, he invented the printing press
Johannes Gutenberg
Designed and built the first Apple computer
Steve Wozniak
Who was credited with creating the Enigma?
Alan Turing
A code-breaking machine during WWII which contributed significantly to early computing
Enigma machine
Who created first clone, Dolly?
Professor Sir Ian Wilmut
4 reasons where social media and the information age influence human lives through
- Spread educational material quickly and
efficiently - Provide companies with a new
marketing opportunity - Increased global connectivity
- Enhance communication speed
Famous hobbyist group in the 1970s that fueled the early personal computing movement
Homebrew Computer Club
A club where the first Apple computer (Apple 1) showcased
Homebrew Computer Club
The impact of the information age on the accessibility of information
Increased information accessibility
The machine that became the
foundation of computer science
Universal Machine
Its invention later called the computer
Universal Machine
2 Potential challenges with information age
- Ethical concerns related to data privacy
- Increased reliance on technology
Developed the first powered solar system for industrial machinery
Augustine Mouchot
Involves a variety of habits and communities
Ecological diversity
A protocol established to phase out substances that deplete ozone
Montreal Protocol
A protocol set in place to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases, with the exception to ozone-depleting substances
Kyoto Protocol
an international agreement managing the movement of living modified organisms from one country to another.
Cartagena Protocol
➢ has direct impact on human health
➢ contributes to a balanced ecosystem
that supports food production and
medicine
Biodiversity
➢ Is the variety of life in the world or in a
particular habitat or ecosystem
➢ Its gain can stabilize ecosystems,
promote developmental progress, and
nutritional security
Biodiversity
Provides functioning ecosystems that supply oxygen, clean air and water, pollination of plants, pest control, wastewater treatment, and nutritional security
Biodiversity
4 ways to promote biodiversity conservation
- Decrease deforestation
- Regulation of use of pesticides
- Implement sustainable practices and
support protected areas - Conservation efforts
A gummy substance from camel thorn that contains melezitose and sucrose
Manna
During the 1800s to 1900s, especially during the Industrial Revolution, biomass such as wood and other organic materials continued to be a significant source of energy alongside the increasing use of coal.
Energy
➢ Derived from opium poppy and used to relieve severe pain
Morphine
A gene therapy treatment used to treat severe combined immunodeficiency due
to adenosine deaminase deficiency
(ADA-SCID)
Strimvelis
Technique of inserting the DNA of
another species into an organism’s DNA so that organism gains a new trait
Genetic Engineering
Altering DNA of an organism at the
molecular level
Genetic Engineering
Main goal of genetic engineering
to cure or treat genetic disorders
➢ Genetically modified crops such as BT
cotton have been developed to resist
certain pests, reducing the need for
chemical pesticides
➢ NOT ALL are harmful to the environment
➢ In 1997, European Union ruled in favor
of mandatory labelling on all GMO food
products including animal feed
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
3 primary purposes of GMOs
- to enhance resistance to disease
- to increase crop yields
- to decrease vulnerability to pests
Holds promise for treating genetic
disorders by introducing functional
genes or repairing defective ones within a patient’s cells
Gene Therapy
Has impact on inherited genetic disorders
Gene Therapy
The first 2 scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from 2 different E. coli in 1973
Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen (BOYER AND COHEN)
The year where the first scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from 2 different E. coli
1973
The first cloned animal
Dolly the Sheep (1996)
➢ A field of research and innovation concerned with building things which are generally materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules
Nanotechnology
➢ Properties are significantly different compared to bulk materials due to its increased relative surface area
➢ Imparts its importance in the field of medicine, agriculture, hydration technologies, etc.
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is “C_________” because it brings together various fields of science through its innovations
Covergent
2 applications of nanotechnology to medicine
- Development of biological simulation that destroys cancer cell activities using drug-bearing nanoparticles
- Enhancing diagnostic and
therapeutic techniques at the
molecular level
Key challenge in the responsible integration of nanotechnology into society
Lack of interest in scientific advancements
➢ Its development on Earth’s surfaces controls soil, air, and water contamination
➢ One breakthrough in agriculture
Ultra-small probes
➢ Silicon oxides and aluminum oxides
➢ Have specific nanoporous cage-like structures that are used as molecular sieves
Zeolites
3 common nano contaminants
- Battery waste
- Silver nanoparticles
- Fly ash
3 causes of thermal inversion
- Freezing rain or ice storms
- Topography or man-made barriers
- Pollutants from different sources
Contributes to addressing climate
change by encouraging responsible
behaviors and sustainable practices
Environment awareness
3 potential consequences of continued climate change
➢ Rising sea levels
➢ Extreme weather events
➢ Disruptions to ecosystems
Affects albedo, which is the ratio of light reflected by any part of the Earth’s atmosphere
Melting of ice
Unusually cold ocean temperature in the Equatorial Pacific which causes increased numbers of tropical storms in the Pacific Ocean
La Niña
Unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean
El Niño
3 common greenhouse gases that occurs naturally
- CO2 (carbon dioxide)
- CH4 (methane)
- NOx (nitric oxides, nitrogen dioxide, ground-level ozone)
Ozone that protects life from UV radiation from the sun
Stratospheric ozone
Affects the synchronization of pollination for flowering plants
Ground level ozone
What year did Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press?
1440
Manna contains substances which are _______, _______
Melezitose and sucrose
