ANG HULING LABAN

Question 1

Who designed the Harvard Mark 1

Answer 1

Howard Aiken

Question 2

It is used to make ballistics calculations during WWII

Answer 2

Harvard Mark 1

Question 3

In 1440, he invented the printing press

Answer 3

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 4

Designed and built the first Apple computer

Answer 4

Steve Wozniak

Question 5

Who was credited with creating the Enigma?

Answer 5

Alan Turing

Question 6

A code-breaking machine during WWII which contributed significantly to early computing

Answer 6

Enigma machine

Question 7

Who created first clone, Dolly?

Answer 7

Professor Sir Ian Wilmut

Question 8

4 reasons where social media and the information age influence human lives through

Answer 8

1. Spread educational material quickly and
   efficiently
2. Provide companies with a new
   marketing opportunity
3. Increased global connectivity
4. Enhance communication speed

Question 9

Famous hobbyist group in the 1970s that fueled the early personal computing movement

Answer 9

Homebrew Computer Club

Question 10

A club where the first Apple computer (Apple 1) showcased

Answer 10

Homebrew Computer Club

Question 11

The impact of the information age on the accessibility of information

Answer 11

Increased information accessibility

Question 12

The machine that became the
foundation of computer science

Answer 12

Universal Machine

Question 13

Its invention later called the computer

Answer 13

Universal Machine

Question 14

2 Potential challenges with information age

Answer 14

1. Ethical concerns related to data privacy
2. Increased reliance on technology

Question 15

Developed the first powered solar system for industrial machinery

Answer 15

Augustine Mouchot

Question 16

Involves a variety of habits and communities

Answer 16

Ecological diversity

Question 17

A protocol established to phase out substances that deplete ozone

Answer 17

Montreal Protocol

Question 18

A protocol set in place to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases, with the exception to ozone-depleting substances

Answer 18

Kyoto Protocol

Question 19

an international agreement managing the movement of living modified organisms from one country to another.

Answer 19

Cartagena Protocol

Question 20

➢ has direct impact on human health
➢ contributes to a balanced ecosystem
that supports food production and
medicine

Answer 20

Biodiversity

Question 21

➢ Is the variety of life in the world or in a
particular habitat or ecosystem
➢ Its gain can stabilize ecosystems,
promote developmental progress, and
nutritional security

Answer 21

Biodiversity

Question 22

Provides functioning ecosystems that supply oxygen, clean air and water, pollination of plants, pest control, wastewater treatment, and nutritional security

Answer 22

Biodiversity

Question 23

4 ways to promote biodiversity conservation

Answer 23

1. Decrease deforestation
2. Regulation of use of pesticides
3. Implement sustainable practices and
   support protected areas
4. Conservation efforts

Question 24

A gummy substance from camel thorn that contains melezitose and sucrose

Answer 24

Manna

Question 25

During the 1800s to 1900s, especially during the Industrial Revolution, biomass such as wood and other organic materials continued to be a significant source of energy alongside the increasing use of coal.

Answer 25

Energy

Question 26

➢ Derived from opium poppy and used to relieve severe pain

Answer 26

Morphine

Question 27

A gene therapy treatment used to treat severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID)

Answer 27

Strimvelis

Question 28

Technique of inserting the DNA of another species into an organism's DNA so that organism gains a new trait

Answer 28

Genetic Engineering

Question 29

Altering DNA of an organism at the molecular level

Answer 29

Genetic Engineering

Question 30

Main goal of genetic engineering

Answer 30

to cure or treat genetic disorders

Question 31

➢ Genetically modified crops such as BT cotton have been developed to resist certain pests, reducing the need for chemical pesticides ➢ NOT ALL are harmful to the environment ➢ In 1997, European Union ruled in favor of mandatory labelling on all GMO food products including animal feed

Answer 31

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Question 32

3 primary purposes of GMOs

Answer 32

1. to enhance resistance to disease 2. to increase crop yields 3. to decrease vulnerability to pests

Question 33

Holds promise for treating genetic disorders by introducing functional genes or repairing defective ones within a patient's cells

Answer 33

Gene Therapy

Question 34

Has impact on inherited genetic disorders

Answer 34

Gene Therapy

Question 35

The first 2 scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from 2 different E. coli in 1973

Answer 35

Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen (BOYER AND COHEN)

Question 36

The year where the first scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from 2 different E. coli

Answer 36

1973

Question 37

The first cloned animal

Answer 37

Dolly the Sheep (1996)

Question 38

➢ A field of research and innovation concerned with building things which are generally materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules

Answer 38

Nanotechnology

Question 39

➢ Properties are significantly different compared to bulk materials due to its increased relative surface area ➢ Imparts its importance in the field of medicine, agriculture, hydration technologies, etc.

Answer 39

Nanotechnology

Question 40

Nanotechnology is "C_________" because it brings together various fields of science through its innovations

Answer 40

Covergent

Question 41

2 applications of nanotechnology to medicine

Answer 41

1. Development of biological simulation that destroys cancer cell activities using drug-bearing nanoparticles 2. Enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic techniques at the molecular level

Question 42

Key challenge in the responsible integration of nanotechnology into society

Answer 42

Lack of interest in scientific advancements

Question 43

➢ Its development on Earth’s surfaces controls soil, air, and water contamination ➢ One breakthrough in agriculture

Answer 43

Ultra-small probes

Question 44

➢ Silicon oxides and aluminum oxides ➢ Have specific nanoporous cage-like structures that are used as molecular sieves

Answer 44

Zeolites

Question 45

3 common nano contaminants

Answer 45

1. Battery waste 2. Silver nanoparticles 3. Fly ash

Question 46

3 causes of thermal inversion

Answer 46

1. Freezing rain or ice storms 2. Topography or man-made barriers 3. Pollutants from different sources

Question 47

Contributes to addressing climate change by encouraging responsible behaviors and sustainable practices

Answer 47

Environment awareness

Question 48

3 potential consequences of continued climate change

Answer 48

➢ Rising sea levels ➢ Extreme weather events ➢ Disruptions to ecosystems

Question 49

Affects albedo, which is the ratio of light reflected by any part of the Earth's atmosphere

Answer 49

Melting of ice

Question 50

Unusually cold ocean temperature in the Equatorial Pacific which causes increased numbers of tropical storms in the Pacific Ocean

Answer 50

La Niña

Question 51

Unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean

Answer 51

El Niño

Question 52

3 common greenhouse gases that occurs naturally

Answer 52

1. CO2 (carbon dioxide) 2. CH4 (methane) 3. NOx (nitric oxides, nitrogen dioxide, ground-level ozone)

Question 53

Ozone that protects life from UV radiation from the sun

Answer 53

Stratospheric ozone

Question 54

Affects the synchronization of pollination for flowering plants

Answer 54

Ground level ozone

Question 55

What year did Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press?

Answer 55

1440

Question 56

Manna contains substances which are _______, _______

Answer 56

Melezitose and sucrose