Aneurysms

Question 1

aneurysms are?

Answer 1

localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel or the heart(weakening of vessel wall)

Question 2

what is the most frewuent cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)

Answer 2

saccular berry aneurysm

Question 3

berry aneursyms occur at?

Answer 3

bifurcations in the circle of willis

begins as a basilar SAH

Question 4

most common site for a berry aneursym

Answer 4

junction of the anterior communicating and the ACA

anterior circulation

Question 5

berry aneursyms are associated with what disorders

Answer 5

autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and ehler-danlos syndrome

Question 6

fuisiform/athersclerotic aneurysms are mostly in the _ artery

Answer 6

basilar

Question 7

aneurysms develop over time due to?

Answer 7

an underlying defect in the media of the vessel

Question 8

risk factors for aneursyms

Answer 8

smoking, HTN, old age

Question 9

a saccular berry aneurysm buldges from _ side of an artery, a _ leads to it

Answer 9

one

neck

Question 10

a giant aneurysm can invlve more than one artery and it is over _ wide

Answer 10

2.5cm

Question 11

a fusiform aneurysm bulges from _ side of an atery and it _ has a neck

Answer 11

all sides

rarely has a neck

Question 12

a mycotic aneurysm is caused by a _ artery wall (rare)

Answer 12

infected

Question 13

rupture of an aneurysm is usually during the _ decade and is more common in _ (females/males)

Answer 13

50th

females

Question 14

1/3 of ruputures are associated with acute increases in intracranial pressure like ?

Answer 14

straining when pooping or during a sexual orgasm

Question 15

aneurysms are usually clinically _ until rupture and then patients will describe it as?

Answer 15

silent

“worst headache of my life”
“thunderclap”

Question 16

25-50% of people die with their first rupture and repeat _ are common

Answer 16

repeat

Question 17

the first few days after a subarachnoid hemorrhae regardless of the etiology there is an increased risk of ischemic injury and _ affecting vessels bather in extra blood

Answer 17

vasospasm

Question 18

how do we treat aneurysms

Answer 18

coiling and clipping

Question 19

anterior communicating compression causes

Answer 19

bitemporal hemianopia and visual acuity defects

compresses the optic chiasm

Question 20

SAH will cause

Answer 20

focal neurologic deficits

Question 21

ischmia in the ACA will cause

Answer 21

contralateral lower extemity hemiparesis and sensory defects

Question 22

MCA rupture and ischemia cause

Answer 22

contralateral upper extremity and lower facial hemiparesis and sensory defecits

Question 23

Posterior communicating compression cause

Answer 23

ipsilateral cranial nerve III palsy (mydriasis)- blow pupil

and ptosis (down and out eye)

Question 24

what is a charcot douchard microaneurysm

Answer 24

these are aneurysms that are associated with chronic hypertension and affects the small vessels like the lenticulostriate arteries.

Question 25

charcot douchard microaneurysm can cause?

Answer 25

hermorrhagic intraparenchymal strokes ( not visible on imaging)