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CVS Pathology > Aneuryrsm and Vascular tumors > Flashcards

Aneuryrsm and Vascular tumors Flashcards

1
Q

بسم الله عليك توكلنا وأنت نعم المولي و كفي بك وكيلا

Discuss definition of Aneurysm .

A

Focal dilatation of part of arterial wall or Cardiac wall in MI due to its weakness
not occur in veins Divided into true and false

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2
Q

True Aneurysm includes ?

A 
1- Atherosclerotic
2-Syphilitic
3-dissecting 
4-mycotic
5-congenital

My ASDCo

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3
Q

What is Atherosclerotic Aneurysm ?

A

It is True Aneurysm and it appear mostly in AbdoMnial AOrta below renal arteries and it is due to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and detached atheroma and loss of intima and compression of media causing the focal dilation in aorta
the shape is FUSIFORM

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4
Q

Describe syphilitic aneurysm .

A

It is True aneurysm due to syphilis and it is apeearing mostly in the asednding thoracic aorta mainly TRANSVERSE arch and aortic valve it is due to Syphilitic inflammations around vasa Vasorum of the ascending thoracic aorta causing weakness of the wall ! !
فلا يكن في صدرك حرج منه !
and this leads to atheroscleroisis syphilis ?>?>?>.?
it appears as SACCULAR shape pulsating mass in the chest

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5
Q

Describe dissecting aneurysm .

A

Appear is distal aortic arch and descendig aorta
it is due to :
1-Medial necrosis موت الالياف الداعمة للاوعية المغذية هتخليها تفرقع وتطلع الدم في الجدار due to hypertension
2-Myxoid media congenital الطبقة اصبحت هلامية ضعيفة عكس الالياف الداعمة برضو هتخلي الاوعية المغذية تفرقع
3-Marfan syndrome ضعف في النسيح الضام في الجدار
Vasa Vasorum exploison due to HTN !
The descending accumulated blood cause desnding splitting if aortic wall layers
Blood in HTN may also enter from the lumen

اخطر نوع لانه الوحيد الذي يقابل مقاومة طبقة واحدة وهي advvntitia
ممكن ينفجر
عوامل مساعدة

Morphology
Intramural 
blood
between 
layers of the 
wall
تصلب الشرايين يضعف الجدار 
متلازمة مارفان 
الضغط العالي

الأعراض
ألم شديد في الصدر يسمع ورا في الظهر و ينزل لتحت بمرور الوقت سكاكين بتقطع في الظهر

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5
Q

Describe dissecting aneurysm .

A

Appear is distal aortic arch and descendig aorta AS hematoma in the wall
it is due to :
1-Medial necrosis موت الالياف الداعمة للاوعية المغذية هتخليها تفرقع وتطلع الدم في الجدار due to hypertension
2-Myxoid media congenital الطبقة اصبحت هلامية ضعيفة عكس الالياف الداعمة برضو هتخلي الاوعية المغذية تفرقع
3-Marfan syndrome ضعف في النسيح الضام في الجدار
Vasa Vasorum exploison due to HTN !
The descending accumulated blood cause desnding splitting if aortic wall layers
Blood in HTN may also enter from the lumen

اخطر نوع لانه الوحيد الذي يقابل مقاومة طبقة واحدة وهي advvntitia
ممكن ينفجر
عوامل مساعدة

Morphology
Intramural 
blood
between 
layers of the 
wall
تصلب الشرايين يضعف الجدار 
متلازمة مارفان 
الضغط العالي

الأعراض
ألم شديد في الصدر يسمع ورا في الظهر و ينزل لتحت بمرور الوقت سكاكين بتقطع في الظهر

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6
Q

dissecting aneurysm site mention

A

Appear is distal aortic arch and descendig aorta

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7
Q

Mention causes and supporters of dissecting aneurysm .

A

1-Medial necrosis موت الالياف الداعمة للاوعية المغذية هتخليها تفرقع وتطلع الدم في الجدار due to hypertension
2-Myxoid media congenital الطبقة اصبحت هلامية ضعيفة عكس الالياف الداعمة برضو هتخلي الاوعية المغذية تفرقع

عوامل مساعدة
تصلب الشرايين يضعف الجدار
متلازمة مارفان مشاكل في النسيج الضام
الضغط العالي تسهل انفجار الفاسا فسورم و تدخل دم جوا الجدار من التجويف

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8
Q

Morphology OF DISSCETING ANEURYSM .

A

Morphology: Intramural blood between layers of the wall.

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9
Q

Mycotic aneurysm describe

A

it is due to weakness of vasa vasorum due to INFLAMMATIONS DUE TO
1-EMBOLI IN SBE
2-TB
and this leads to weakness of wall of small arterirs cereberal coronary mesenteric other and their dilatation as fungi

Morphology
saccular →
Thrombosis -
ruptured

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10
Q

Desctibe berry or congenital aneurysm .

A

Mostly appears in cerberal vessels and circle of wills and it is congenital and appear as Berry anurysm at the bifuractions may rupture casuing cerebral hemorrhage !

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11
Q

مهم جدا

Charcot bouchard aneurysm

A

Charcout bouchard aneurysm is dilatation in small arteries due to HTN
يعمل نزيف في المخ
Aneurism of PAN

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12
Q

Complications of Aneurysm Mention

A

CRT:

1- Compression Atrophy vertebrae
2-Ruptured vessels causing ( hemothorax - hemopericardium - blood in abdomen-intracranial Hgr )
3-Thrombosis -Coronary occlusion
لان الدم ماشي بطئ في منطقة الاتساع

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13
Q

False aneurysm includes:

A

1-Pulsating Hematoma

2-A-V fistula

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14
Q

Discuss Pulsating Hematoma .

A

It is due to hemorrhage from the artery then the output blood froms thrombosis on the wall of blood vessels and is coverd by fibrosis giving the shape of aneurysm and is pulsating with the arterial pulse

Traumatic hematoma. The wall is formed by
surrounding compressed tissue

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15
Q

Discuss A-V fistula

A

it is due to
Developmental - Trauma - inflammatory necrosis - surgery Hemodydialis

casue shunt of blood from arteries to veins increasing VR and may casue outp HF

16
Q

الدوالي في الساق ليه مش بتنتشر ؟

A

لانها بتحصل في الاوردة السطحية ومش بتعمل جلطات انتشارية

17
Q

DESCRIBE VARICOSE VEINS

A

Dilated Congested Elongated Tortuous veins
appear in

Superficial vein of lower limbs
portosystemic anastomosis esophageal varices&raquo_space;,,

Aetiology :
1- Weak veins
2-High pressure (Prolonged standing and portal HTN )

Consequences are?
Thrombosis and embolism wxcept superficial veins of LL
1 - Edema
2-ruptured venules hemorrhage
3- trophic skin ulcers varicose ulcers > INFECTION>Thromboplebitis

18
Q

Mention Consequences of varicose veins

A

Thrombosis and embolism wxcept superficial veins of LL
1 - Edema
2-ruptured venules hemorrhage
3- trophic skin ulcers varicose ulcers > INFECTION>Thromboplebitis

19
Q

Mention sites of Varicose veins .

A

Superficial vein of lower limbs

portosystemic anastomosis esophageal varices&raquo_space;,,

20
Q

Mention Benign Vascular tumors .

A

HemangioMa capillary and cavernous is vascular spaces containg blood and separated by fibrous stroma

Glomangioma : Vascular spaces + Gloms cells in between forming higly cellular stroma they are heat sensitive cells and mostly appear in nail tip .

21
Q

Describe Kaposi sracoma

A

It is malignant vasuclar tumor due to what ?
low immunity enabiling Human Herpes virus 8 to enter the boy dnf do whatever it aspires !
عبارة عن اوعية مكبوسة وخلايا مكبوسة وهو كابوسي ساركوما
Spindle malignant cells and extravascular RBCs
slit like vascular spaces

IT has 4 relations :

AIDS Related : LN and viscera
Europe : leg senile
African : LM starvation malmutirion
After transplantation : we give cortisones causing low immunity > LN and VISCERA

22
Q

Angiosarcoma describe

A

فلا يكن في صدرك حرج منه !

It is malignant vascular tumor
and this leads to formation of connecting vascular spaces
without septa with malignant endothelial lining

occurs in skin , liver , breast !
in liver to carcinogenic chemicals like ? arsinc

23
Q

الحمدلله رب العـــالمين حمدا كثيرا طيبا مباركا فيه

A

CVS Pathology (5 decks)

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