Anesthetic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Only approved anesthetic drug in food animals

A
  • 2% Lidocaine HCl
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2
Q

Butorphanol

A
  • opioid
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3
Q

Butorphanol meat withdrawal tim**

A

4 days

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4
Q

Butorphanol milk withdrawal time**

A

3 days

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5
Q

Morphine meat withdrawal time**

A

14 days

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6
Q

Morphine milk withdrawal time**

A

2 days

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7
Q

Xylazine meat withdrawal time**

A

3 days

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8
Q

Xylazine milk withdrawal time**

A

2 days

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9
Q

Flunixin meglumine Label

A
  • labelled for beef and dairy to control pyrexia (associate with BRD, mastitis) & inflammation (associated with endotoxemia)
  • We use it ELDU all of the time
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10
Q

Butorphanol route

A
  • IV or SC
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11
Q

Morphine route

A
  • Inactivated in rumen

- IV or IM

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12
Q

Xylazine route

A
  • IV or IM
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13
Q

Flunixin meglumine

A
  • IV only

- Potential myonecrosis with IM injection

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14
Q

Flunixin meglumine meat withdrawal**

A

4 days

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15
Q

Flunixin meglumine milk withdrawal**

A

36 hours (cattle)

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16
Q

Banamine S usage

A
  • Approved for swine
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17
Q

Banamine S route

A
  • IM, in the neck
18
Q

Banamine S withdrawal time**

A

12 day withdrawal period in swine harvested for human consumption

19
Q

Aspirin approval

A
  • Not approved, yet used widely in food animals
20
Q

Aspirin route

A

oral

21
Q

Aspirin meat and milk withdrawal time

A

24 hr meat and milk

22
Q

Phenylbutazone usage in food animals

A
  • CANNOT be used in female dairy cattle over 20 months
  • DO NOT USE THIS
  • Use strongly discouraged by FARAD and FDA
23
Q

Phenylbutazone withdrawal time

A
  • Long elimination half-life, high potential for residues
24
Q

Meloxicam approval

A
  • Not in US yet

- oral once a day

25
Q

Meloxicam meat withdrawal time

A

21 days

26
Q

Meloxicam milk withdrawal time

A

5 days

27
Q

Meloxicam usage

A
  • popular for osteoarthritis in ruminants and camelids
28
Q

Gabapentin meat withdrawal

A
  • 21 days
29
Q

Gabapentin milk withdrawal time

A
  • 3 days
30
Q

Local anesthetic use in dehorning

A
  • used with NSAIDs
31
Q

Lidocaine HCl

A
  • Dilute with water or 8.4% bicarbonate to decrease injection burn and help block Na channels
  • Doesn’t work in an acidic environment (e.g. saline or in abscess)
32
Q

Onset of lidocaine vs mepivacaine

A
  • Lidocaine has a very fast onset (1 minute)

- Mepivacaine has a slower onset (3-5 minutes)

33
Q

Duration of lidocaine vs mepivacaine

A
  • Lidocaine (60-90 min.; with epinephrine more like 120-360 min.)
  • Mepivacaine (70-140 min)
34
Q

Lidocaine toxic dose

A
  • 10 mg/kg***
35
Q

How to reduce local anesthetic overdose of lidocaine?

A
  • Dilute with bicarbonate or sterile water

- or use less

36
Q

Toxic signs of lidocaine

A
  • Hypotension, drowsiness/sedation, twitching and clonic spasms, respiratory depression, convulsions
37
Q

Lidocaine HCl meat withdrawals large volume (paralumbar block)

A
  • 4 days
38
Q

Lidocaine HCl milk withdrawals large volume (paralumbar block)

A
  • 3 days
39
Q

Lidocaine HCl meat and milk withdrawals large volume (meat and milk)

A
  • 24 hours
40
Q

What is Nocita?

A
  • Bupivacaine liposome injectable

- Extended release local anesthetic

41
Q

Nocita cost

A
  • Very expensive