Anesthetic Agents Flashcards
An inhaled general anesthetic that has the fastest onset among all general anesthetics but least potent. It is also known as the laughing gas and is the first to be discovered
ADR: coughing, respiratory irritation, laughing
Nitrous oxide
An inhaled general anesthesia that is known to be hepatotoxic
Halothane
Inhaled general anesthetics that are nephrotoxic
Desflurane
Isoflurane
Enflurane
Sevoflurane
Methoxyflurane
Inhaled general anesthetics that caused general peripheral vasodilation, which leads to hypotension and an ADR of reflex tachycardia
One of the drugs causes bronchoconstriction
Desflurane and isoflurane
Desflurane
An inhaled general anesthetic agent that has a slow onset but is the most potent
Methoxyflurane
An intravenous anesthetic also known as milk of amnesia because of its white color and usage of soy milk as vehicle. It is short acting and increases GABA mediated inhibition
ADR: CNS and CVS depression, metabolic acidosis
Propofol
It is an intravenous anesthesia that is an ultra short acting and fast onset barbiturate. It acts by prolonging the duration of GABA mediated Cl channel opening
Thiopental
It is an intravenous anesthesia that is a short acting BZD. It acts by increasing the frequency of opening of the GABA mediated channels
Midazolam
It is an intravenous anesthesia that is an NMDA antagonist (N-methyl-D-aspartate). it inhibits aspartate which is the excitatory neuron.
ADR: CVS stimulant (only one), dissociative amnesia
Ketamine
A alpha
Proprioception, somatomotor
A beta
Touch, pressure
A gamma
Motor to muscle spindle
A delta
Fast pain esp cold and touch
B
Preganglionic, autonomic
C
Slow or thermal pain, mechanoreceptor
Postganglionic autonomic (not C, no class)
Are a class of anesthesia the removes sensation and are amphibilic. All are weak bases, Na channel, synthetic, vasodilators, and CNS/CVS depressants
One drug is natural, vasoconstrictor, and CNS/CVS stimulant
Local anesthetics (esters and amides)
Cocaine
Local anesthetic that is degraded by plasma esterase in the blood, thereby making it short acting
Esters
Local anesthetic that is degraded by hepatic amidases in the liver, making it long acting
Amides
Components of EMLA or eutectic mixture of local anesthetic
One component causes methemoglobinemia
Lidocaine and Prilocaine
Prilocaine
Long acting local anesthetics
Etidocaine
Mepivacaine
A local anesthetic that can be used by pregnant women
Bupivacaine
For neuroleptanalgesia
Droperidol + Fentanyl
For neuroleptanesthesia
Droperidol + Fentanyl + N2O
