Anesthesia Princ + Monitor/conditions/intracranial too Flashcards
- Which of the following is true?
a. Awakening of dogs is from excretion
b. The body is divided into only 2 groups, the vessel rich group and the vessel poor group.
c. Anesthetic drug delivery and distribution is dependent on cardiac output
d. CRIs work via loading dose, and an inhalant does not work this way
C correct
A (false redistribution)
B (false- a muscle group intermediate exists)
D false- inhalants are basically a CRI, and CRIs add approximately 5 half lives via maintenance dose)
True or false: As the carrier gas flow increase above 5 L/min or below 0.1 L/min the concentration of vapor may be different from the dial
True
KNOW THESE: Color. Pressure (PSI). Volume (L).
a. Oxygen:
b. Medical Air:
c. Nitrous Oxide:
d. Carbon Dioxide:
e. Nitrogen:
Color. (PSI). Volume (L).
a. Oxygen: Green 1900 660
b. Medical Air: Yellow 2200 6900
c. Nitrous Oxide: Blue 745 1590
d. Carbon Dioxide: Gray 838 1590
e. Nitrogen: Black 2200 6400
True/False 100% oxygen is NOT flammable but with other mixtures becomes more flammable
true
Why is morphine chosen for epidurals?
Relatively low lipophilicity- stays in epidural space
- Which opiate causes excitement in cats given IV:
morphine (inconsistent)
- Hypoxia on room air with apnea (TIME A): versus with 100% oxygen (TIME B)
A 30 sec
B 5 min
Which is false?
A Hydromorphone has a potency for the μ receptor eight times greater than morphine
B Oxymorphone has a potency 10 times greater than that of morphine
C Meperidine has a potency two times less than that of morphine.
D Fentanyl has a potency approximately 100 times that of morphine.
E Buprenorphine is 40 times more potent than morphine at the μ-receptor
C (10x less)
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding Dissociative agents
• Low-dose CRI of ketamine can be used to decrease dorsal horn wind-up and decrease hyperalgesia and allodynia
• The duration of Telazol is shorter than a typical dose of ketamine and a benzodiazepine
• In cats about 50% of the administered dose of ketamine is excreted unchanged in the urine, the rest is metabolized to norketamine.
• Ketamine may increase salivation, but laryngeal reflexes are typically maintained
B (45-60 min versus 15-20 min)
Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Propofol and barbituates (thiopental)
• Both if extravasation occurs will cause significant necrosis
• Both result in rapid and smooth transition to anesthesia
• Both may result in hypotension
• Etomidate also exerts effects at GABA receptor
A: (only thiopental, give lidocaine and saline)
Which statement is incorrect?
• MAC is the concentration required to prevent purposeful movement in response to a standard, painful stimulus in 50% of normal patients
• MAC-BAR is the concentration of inhalant that prevents a cardiovascular response (blockade of adrenergic response)
• Hypothermia increases MAC by 5% for each degree in C in people.
• Less soluble agents have faster induction, recovery and change in depth
C (false-decreases)
Fill in the blank: Used SQ Lidocaine’s onset of action is ___ and lasts for ____ and bupivicaines onset of action is ____ and lasts for ___.
5 45-60 and 45 min 6-8hrs
What drugs are not indicated to address cardiovascular abnormalities during adrenalectomies?
• o A) Lidocaine to control ventricular arrhythmias
• o B) Diltiazem to control tachycardia
• o C) Esmolol to control tachycardia
• o D) Medetomidine to decrease central sympathetic outflow
D Medetomidine
What type of drug class is phenoxybenzamine? • o A) Alpha adrenergic antagonist • o B) Beta blocker • o C) Alpha 2 agonist • o D) Calcium channel blocker
A
What is FALSE regarding drugs in patients with respiratory compromise?
• o A) Ketamine results in bronchodilation
• o B) Beta blockers cause bronchoconstriction
• o C) Acepromazine causes minimal respiratory depression
• o D) Butorphanol causes worsened respiratory depression compared to hydromorphone
D
A nasal oxygen rate of 100ml/kg/min delivers what percentage of inspired oxygen? • o A) 30% • o B) 40% • o C) 50% • o D) 60%
B 40%
Which is true concerning laparoscopy?
• The maximum allowable intraabdominal pressure (IAP) is 16 cm H2O.
• Prolonged pressures above 25 cm H2O are associated with acute heart failure.
• Hypoventilation may be exacerbated by absorption of CO2 from the peritoneal cavity into the bloodstream.
• Hypoventilation can be helped by the Trendelenburg positioning.
C
A (14)
B (renal failure, anuria)
Which is true?
• The colloid oncotic pressure of 25% human albumin is 200 mm Hg
• The colloid oncotic pressure of 16% canine albumin is 200 mm Hg
• The colloid oncotic pressure of 25% human albumin is 98 mm Hg.
• The colloid oncotic pressure of plasma is 98 mm Hg
A is true
Canine alb is 98
The only anesthetic drug that has been shown to adversely affect neonate survival is which of the following? • Propofol • Morphine • Ketamine • Xylazine
D xylazine
Which of the following medications should be avoided for ophthalmologic procedures? • Ketamine • Midazolam • Propofol • Alfaxalone o A and B o A and D o B and C o A and C
A and C (both cause increase in intraocular pressure)
ketamine
propofol
Which of the following is the correct pairing in regards to heat loss?
• Evaporative loss accounts for approximately 10%
• Convective loss is minimal
• Radiation loss accounts for about 30%
• Conductive loss accounts for approximately 10%
D conductive = 10%
Evap = (minimal)
convenc = (30%)
radiation (50%)
Which of the following statements is false?
• Hypoxemia from V/Q mismatch can be treated with a bronchodilator
• High levels of CO2 result in narcosis and eventual circulatory collapse
• Malignant hyperthermia should be treated with Calcium
• Higher ETCO2 values during CPR >15 mm Hg in dogs and > 20 mm Hg in cats may be associated with increased ROSC
C (dantrolene)
True or false: Tracheal tears occur in cats most commonly when there is a rotating movement of the tube.
True
As well as overinflation of the ET cuff
