Anesthesia Key Factors Flashcards
What is a normal respiratory rate for small animals while under anesthesia?
12-20 breaths per minute
Super athletetic medium/large breed dogs a respiratory rate of as low as?
8
If your concerned about that a patients respiratory rate is to low what are the next steps?
check the CO2 levels as if a patient is not receiving enough oxygen the CO2 levels will be high or rising on your monitor.
• If no monitor clinical signs/symptoms are: huffing to try to breath/shallow breaths, dark colored or blueish color gums/tongue
• Clinical Response: Give breath through rebreathing bag & turn down anesthetic gas as patient is getting to deep
Role of Respiratory system:
• Conducts inspired air to alveoli where O2 exchange occurs
Effects of anesthetic on respiratory function
◦ Decrease the respiratory rate (Breathing less often/decreases oxygen intake)
‣ This is why its important to closely monitor this to ensure they are getting enough oxygen into their lungs
Role of the cardiovascular (CV) system
Transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body tissue
◦ O2 diffuses across the membranes into the blood
Blood circulation is powered by the
contraction of the heart
Blood circulation is affected by
cardiac output & vascular resistance
Cardiac output:
How much blood the heart is pumping
Stroke Volume:
The amount of blood that is being pumped with each heartbeat
Contractility:
refers to the heart muscles ability to contract
• Clinical signs of decreased stroke volume would be low blood pressure
Cardiac Output Equation is?
Equation: Cardiac Ouput(ml/min) = Stroke Volume(ml/beat) X Heart Rate (beats/min)
Normal heart rate for dogs under anesthesia is?
90-120bpm for dogs
Normal heart rate for cats under anesthesia is?
120-150bpm for cats *As low as 100bpm is okay
Decrease in blood pressure is a good indicator that the?
heart contractibility is getting low
