Anesthesia

Question 1

4 types of anesthesia

Answer 1

general
local
regional
MAC - monitored anesthesia care (sedation)

Question 2

3 types of MAC (sedation)

Answer 2

minimal sedation
moderate sedation (conscious sedation)
deep sedation

Question 3

which type of MAC has the high risk of losing airway

Answer 3

Deep sedation

Question 4

what area of the hospital is deep sedation commonly found

Answer 4

ER

Question 5

how is local and regional anesthesia given

Answer 5

injected or topical

Question 6

LOC w/general anesthesia

Answer 6

unconscious

Question 7

What area of the body is effected by local anesthesia

Answer 7

stitches to entire limb

Question 8

during moderate sedation pt maintain own airway t or f

Answer 8

true

Question 9

when is an epidural given

Answer 9

post op pain or surgery

Question 10

where/how does epidural work

Answer 10

injected in epidural space - absorbed by nerve roots

Question 11

where/how does spinal work

Answer 11

injected in CSF - blocks larger area - directly to spinal nerve roots

Question 12

2 major groups of anesthetics

Answer 12

ester type

amide type

Question 13

which type of anesthetic is more likely to have allergic response

Answer 13

ester type

Question 14

which anesthetic type lasts longer

Answer 14

amide type

Question 15

what does epinephrine do w/anesthetics

Answer 15

prolong effect of local anesthetics

Question 16

where should epinephrine not be used

Answer 16

where circulation is not optimal

Question 17

ester type local anesthetic should not be used with

Answer 17

epinephrine (vasoconstriction)

Question 18

MOA of local anesthetics

Answer 18

blocks sodium channels

Question 19

ester anesthetic prototype

Answer 19

procaine (Novocaine)

Question 20

most commonly used local anesthetic - AMIDE(injectable)

Answer 20

lidocaine (xylocaine)

Question 21

lidocaine with epinephrine is used to

Answer 21

decrease bleeding

Question 22

adverse effects of local anesthetics

Answer 22

seizures

Question 23

purpose of general anesthesia

Answer 23

blocks pain
relieves anxiety - paralyzes muscle
hypnosis
amnesia 
loss of reflexes (fight or flight)

Question 24

2 types of general anesthesia

Answer 24

inhaled or IV

Question 25

what is balanced anesthesia

Answer 25

many drugs for desired outcome - min. s/e

Question 26

IV anesthesia

Answer 26

ketamine
proprofol
benzos

Question 27

when are short acting barbiturates used

Answer 27

ECT’s

Question 28

s/e of short acting barbiturates

Answer 28

likely to have seizures

Question 29

2 types of benzodiazepines

Answer 29

Valium and versed

Question 30

do benzo rapidly leave body

Answer 30

no - takes a while to leave system

Question 31

s/e of propofol

Answer 31

respiratory depression

Question 32

most widely used anesthetic

Answer 32

propofol

Question 33

what type of anesthesia is seen with ketamine

Answer 33

dissociative - eye open/brain disconnects

Question 34

inhaled agents leaved the body by

Answer 34

being breathed out

Question 35

most commonly used drug in dental office

Answer 35

nitrous oxide - gas

Question 36

is nitrous oxide ever used as a primary anesthetic

Answer 36

no

Question 37

npo guidelines before surgery

Answer 37

adults - no solids 6-8 hrs - no clears 2-3hrs

children - no solids 6hrs - no clears 2-3hrs

Question 38

adjunctive agents

Answer 38

post op meds
analgesics (IV acetaminophen)
anti-emetics (zofran)
muscarinic agonists