Anemia & Erythrocytosis - Green Flashcards
Which animals have lower than normal PCV?
Higher than normal PCV?
-
Lower than normal
- Puppies
- Kittens
-
Higher than normal
- Sight hounds
- Dachshunds
What are 2 big questions you should be sure to ask
the owners of patients that present for anemia?
-
Current Medications
- NSAIDs can cause
-
Cat → FeLV/FIV status
- Macrocytic, non-regenerative anemia
- Mild to no reticulocytosis
What do petechia, ecchymoses & evidence of deep bleeding suggest?
Platelet or clotting disorder
What do icterus, hemoglobinuria & auto agglutination suggest?
IMHA or other causes of hemolysis
Can you have a regenerative anemia with a normal MCV or MCHC?
YES
How do you calculate the Reticuloctye Index (RI)?
What does it tell you?
- (Patient PCV/45) x Reticulocyte % = RI
- RI > 2.5 = regenerative anemia
What does the Absolute Reticulocyte # tell you?
> 60,000 = regenerative anemia
NB: Most in-house CBC machines don’t give you this value
When will anemia due to blood loss be regenerative?
after 48-96 hrs
List broad causes of Blood Loss.
- Hemoabdomen
- Hemothorax
- Epistaxis
- GI bleeding
What type of Hypersensitivity Rxn is IMHA?
What is targeted?
- Type II Hypersensitivity
- Abs against cell surface or cell receptors
What does AIHA (Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia) indicate?
1° IMHA
(“Idiopathic”)
What does the term IMHA/IHA imply?
(IHA=immune hemolytic anemia)
May be either 1° or 2°
What does “Evan’s Syndrome” refer to?
IMHA + ITP (usually 1°)
Which form of IMHA is the most common?
Primary
(induction of self-directed Abs)
What classifications of IMHA fall under the “Warm” category?
Class I - III
Tell me about Class I IMHA
- Autoagglutination
- IgG mediated
- Extravascular hemolysis (MPS)