Anemia Flashcards
What causes anemia?
- BM Depression
- Blood loss
- Hemolysis
What causes bone marrow depression anemia?
Leukemia
What causes blood loss anemia?
Coil in females, piles, hemorrhage
What are types of anemia according to MCV?
MCV<80 : microcytic
MCV>100 : Macrocytic
80
What are the causes of microcytic anemia?
- Dec in Fe
- Thalasemia
- Sideroblastic anemia
- Chronic diseases
What are the causes of normocytic anemia?
- Hemolysis (either by immune system or not)
- Chronic Diseases
- Combined Fe + VB12 deficiency
What are the causes of macrocytic anemia?
- VB12 deficiency
- Folic acid deficiency
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Hyperthyroidism
- Liver diseases
- Some Drugs
- BM diseases
“Ask for their tests”
What indicates Fe deficiency anemia? (Microcytic anemia)
- High RDW
- Low serum Iron, Transferrin saturation, Ferretin
- High TIBC
What indicates thalassemia? ( a cause of microcytic anemia)
- Genetic history
- High HBA2 and HBH (in HB electrophoresis)
What indicates sideroblastic anemia? (Microcytic anemia)
“Very rare type of anemia”
- Ring sideroblasts (In BM aspirate)
“It is associated with problems in white blood cells”
What indicates megaloblastic anemia? (Microcytic anemia)
- MCV= 120-130
- decreased serum cobolamin and serum folic acid
- blood film may show hypersegmented neutrophils
What may cause megaloblastic anemia?
Vegan diet - surgery - pernicious anemia
What are the drugs that may cause anemia?
What indicates anemia due to hemolysis? (Normocytic anemia)
- increased LDH, Bilirubin, Reticulocytes
- decreased Haptoglobin
- Urine analysis shows hemoglobinuria and hemosiderrinuria
- Usually associated with genetic history
- Ask for coomb’s test
What indicates anemia due to decreased fe and vb12? (Normocytic anemia)
- Variance in size in blood film
- Normal size on device
