ancient rome 4 Flashcards
What happened to the wealth brought back from the punic wars?
they weren’t distributed equally
What did roman generals do with the money?
They bought large areas of farmland, driving farmers out of business
What became common in the republic?
Unemployment and poverty
What did tribune Tiberius Gracchus propose?
a bill to take land from the rich and give it to the poor for farming
Why was the senate mad at tiberius?
Because he got the bill approved by the plebian assembly instead of the senate
What happened to Tiberius?
he was assassinated
What did his brother Gaius do?
tried to introduce reforms, assassinated too
Who was elected consul?
the general marius
Why were retired soldiers more loyal to their commanders than the state?
The commanders were the ones to support them
Who came up against marius?
Sulla, a brillinat general
What did Sulla do?
started a civil war and took control of the senate
Whats a civil war?
a war between groups in the same country
What happened to Sulla’s followers when he left rome to fight in the East?
Marius attacked them, but sulla invaded rome once again and declared dictator once again
What did pompey and crassus do?
they combined their armies to put down the slaves rebellion
What did the consul Cicero aruge?
Fir reducing the powers of the army and restoring the government’s system of checks and balances
name 6 factors that weakened the republic
greed of the rich, inequality between rich and poor, failed reforms, ambitious generals an powerful armies, soldiers shifting loyalty to their generals, civil war
Who were elected consuls?
generals crassus and pompey
Why were pompey and crassus unpopular with the senate?
they seized much of the power for themselves
Who did the senate turn to as a result?
Julius Caesar
How was Caesae elected consul?
POmpey and Crassus used their influence, in return for caesar persuading the senate to pass their legislation
What did this political alliance become known as?
the first triumvirate
what is a triumvirate
a sharing of power between three people
What did the triumvirate grant caesar?
a huge army which he used to conquer gaul, making him popular with the people
Why did the triumvirate collapse?
Because crassus died
Who did the senate appoint consul to end the chaos?
Pompey
What did caesar do to regain power?
he led his army into rome, sparking a civil war, and won
What did romans expect caesar to do after victory?
to restore the republic, but he ruled alone
What reforms did caesar make?
created jobs for the poor
Why was caesar killed?
becuase the senate hated his reforms
what happened to the roman republic after caesar’s death?
it transformed into a monarchy, and ultimatly an empire
