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ancient rome 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a patriarchy?

A

a society in which men have all the power

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2
Q

Who was in charge of roman families?

A

men

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2
Q

What could men do?

A

vote or hold public office, fight in wars, perform important ceremonies

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2
Q

Who was at the head of every family?

A

senior male (paterfamilias)

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3
Q

What did the paterfamilias do?

A

Made all decisions

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4
Q

What eventually limited the power of the paterfamilias?

A

the twelve tables

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5
Q

What was it like for boys from poorer families?

A

They received little education and often couldn’t read or write

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5
Q

What did poorer boys do instead?

A

Went out o work beginning at an early age

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6
Q

What was it like for boys from wealthier families?

A

They received education at school

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7
Q

Who were Roman teachers?

A

Often Greek slaves

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8
Q

What did they learn at school?

A

reading, writing, arithmetic, public speaking

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9
Q

How were mistakes punished with?

A

a beating

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10
Q

What happened to boys at the age of 14?

A

Boys destined for government jobs continues their education with private tutors at home

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11
Q

At what age were boys considered to be men and registered as roman citizens?

A

17

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12
Q

What were roman women a subject to?

A

The authority of men

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13
Q

What could women eventually do?

A

own property and manage their own business and finances (manage husband’s business)

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14
Q

What were women prohibited from?

A

Voting

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15
Q

What was a woman with powerful husbands like?

A

They had some political influence

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16
Q

What was a woman’s main role in Rome?

A

To be a good wife and mother

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17
Q

Was it possible for women to have paying jobs?

A

yes

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18
Q

What was a wealthy family household like?

A

Women managed household and its finances, slaved did all the physical labor

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18
Q

Was it possible for girls from wealthy families to receive some education at home?

A

yes

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19
Q

What did girls mainly learn?

A

household skills to prepare them for married life

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20
Q

What were most marriages like?

A

Had little to do with love but were arranged to benefit the family

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21
Q

What was divorce like?

A

It was easy and acceptable

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22
Q

Why did some ambitious politicians remarry many times?

A

To gain support from important families

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23
Q

Who was at the top of society?

A

Aristocracy

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24
Q

What was the aristocracy?

A

a small group of wealthy patricians who owned most of the land and dominated the government

25
Q

What were the majority of citizens?

A

plebians

26
Q

What were plebians like?

A

some were well-off and owned farms and businesses, but many were very poor

27
Q

Who was at the bottom of Rome’s population?

A

slaves

28
Q

Where did the wealthiest families live in?

A

luxurious country estates

29
Q

Where were the luxurious country estates built?

A

Around elegant courtyards, and decorated with works of fine art

30
Q

Who made the houses?

A

Slaves

31
Q

Where did most poor romans live?

A

In small farms

32
Q

What did the wealthy often do with their money?

A

Used it to buy up land and create huge farms worked entirely by slaves

33
Q

Where did farmers come looking for work?

A

The city

34
Q

What was life like for farmer in cities?

A

They lives in overcrowded buildings and worked at manual labor for very low wages

35
Q

What did the poor use to eat?

A

cheap pottery bowls to eat porridge or bread with vegetables

36
Q

Why did even wealthier plebians rely on restaurants for hot food?

A

Only the largest houses had kitchens

36
Q

What was the plebians’ representative assembly?

A

the council of plebs

37
Q

What did slaves do in Rome?

A

They worked at manual labor, from household chores to construction work or agriculture

38
Q

When did the plebians achieve political equality

A

when the council of plebs was allowed to make law for all citizens

39
Q

What did skilled slaves do?

A

They might be craftspeople

40
Q

What did educated slaves do?

A

They might be teachers, doctors, or managers of their master’s business

41
Q

What were the worst slave jobs?

A

In the mines or factorie

42
Q

What did excessive punishments lead to?

A

rebellion

43
Q

Who led the most famous rebellion?

A

Spartacus

44
Q

What did Spartacus do?

A

For 2 years, his slave army fought the roman soldiers and controlled large areas of the countryside

45
Q

What happened when Spartacus was finally defeated?

A

6000 of his followers were executed as a warning

45
Q

What was the roman religion based on?

A

a pantheon

46
Q

What is a pantheon?

A

a group of many gods

47
Q

What names did the gods have?

A

roman names

48
Q

What were the gods believed to have?

A

Human traits, and to control areas of roman life

49
Q

who was the king of gods?

A

jupiter

50
Q

Who was mars?

A

the god of war

51
Q

Who was venus?

A

goddess of love

52
Q

Why did the pantheon grow?

A

To include the gods od people Rome conquered

53
Q

What did romans worship their rulers as after their death?

A

gods

54
Q

What claims made rulers unpopular?

A

to be living gods

55
Q

What did almost every home have?

A

a shrine where the paterfamilias would make daily offering to the gods that protected his family and house

56
Q

What did the roman calendar have?

A

many religious festivals

57
Q

Why did the government fund any of the festivals?

A

To ensure that the gods granted Rome good harvests or victories in war

57
Q

What kind of qualities did roman gods have?

A

qualities most prized by the romans

58
Q

What qualities did the romans value?

A

qualities that would help them achieve success

59
Q

What traits did they value?

A

discipline, strength, loyalty

60
Q

What is gravitas

A

having gravitas means being solemn and serious

61
Q

What did roman qualities help them acoomplish

A

remarkable achievements in war, politics, law, commerce, engineering

62
Q

What were roman qualities known as

A

the roman way

history (5 decks)

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