Ancient Mediterranean Art

Question 1

5 cases of culture contact in ancient Mediterranean art

Answer 1

Toreador Fresco

Snake Goddess

Funeral Mask of Agamemnon

kouros

Tomb of the Lionesses

Villa of Mysteries

Hagia Sophia

Question 2

Answer 2

known as a “Cycladic Idol”

from Cycladic civilization

usually depicts women

similar to venus figure (but less round)

Question 3

Minos

Answer 3

legendary king of Minoans

Question 4

minotaur

Answer 4

half-man (body) and half-bull (head)

Question 5

labyrinth

Answer 5

maze where minotaurs live

Question 6

Answer 6

known as the “Palace of Knossos”

from Minoan civilization

giant maze palace

had plumbing

had pillars

Question 7

significance of Minoan pillars

Answer 7

wider on top

Question 8

Answer 8

known as “Toreador Fresco” or “Bull-Leaping Fresco”

from Minoan civilization

learned to use different colors to differentiate gender from Egyptians

badly damaged

Question 9

fresco

Answer 9

painting in fresh or wet plaster

Question 10

Answer 10

known as the Octopus Vase

from Minoan civilization

found in temples

would look good on Borowicz’s coffee table

Question 11

animal style

organic style

Answer 11

repeated use of designs derived from nature as decoration

Question 12

Answer 12

known as the “Snakes Goddess”

from Minoan civilization

learned to worship snakes from Mesopotamians (no snakes on island of Crete)

Question 13

Homer

Answer 13

ancient Greek poet

author of The Iliad and The Odyssey

lived circa 800BCE

Question 14

The Iliad

Answer 14

Homer’s epic poem about the Trojan War

Question 15

Answer 15

known as “Lion Gate”

from Mycenaean civilization

main entrance of Mycenae

learned to build with stones from Egyptians

learned to build upside-down pillars from Minoans

Question 16

Answer 16

known as the “Funeral Mask of Agamemnon”

from Mycenaean civilization

gold funeral mask discovered in Mycenae

learned to make gold funeral masks from Egyptians

believed to possibly be forged by discoverer

Question 17

location of ancient Greece

Answer 17

all the way from southern Italy to Turkey

Question 18

city-states

polis

Answer 18

ununified cities of Greece

Question 19

geometric style

Answer 19

repeated use of designs derived from shapes as decoration

Question 20

dipylon vase

Answer 20

giant painted vase

from Greek civilization

contained painted stories

Question 21

red figure

Answer 21

dipylon vase with red images

Question 22

black figure

Answer 22

dipylon vase with black images

Question 23

kore

Answer 23

statue of young female

from Greek civilizations

Question 24

korous

Answer 24

statue of young male

from Greek civilization

used as offerings

learned how to make life-size sculptures from Egyptians

Question 25

Answer 25

known as the "Kritios Boy" from Greek civilization first classical Greek sculpture smashed

Question 26

contrapposto

Answer 26

means "counterpoised" depiction of person with weight on one foot seen in all classical Greek statues

Question 27

canon

Answer 27

a perfect example of something

Question 28

Answer 28

known as the "Spearbearer" or "Doryphoros" from Greek civilization canon of male body

Question 29

Answer 29

known as "Zeus" from Greek civilization made of Bronze lost at sea for 2,000 or more years

Question 30

Answer 30

known as "Laocoōn" from Greek civilization depiction of Trojan priest trying to save city thought to be kick-ass by Michaelangelo Mr. Borowicz wants to take him to prom

Question 31

Doric temple

Answer 31

temple with blobs above pillars

Question 32

Ionic temple

Answer 32

temple with scrolls above pillars

Question 33

Corinthian temple

Answer 33

temple with leaves above pillars

Question 34

pediment

Answer 34

triangular space above pillars

Question 35

acropolis

Answer 35

elevated part of Greek cities

Question 36

Answer 36

known as the "Parthenon" from Greek civilization canon of Greek temples made for Athena

Question 37

Answer 37

known as the "Theatre of Epidaurus" from Greek civilization had wicked good acoustics

Question 38

Etruscan civilization

Answer 38

civilization in modern-day Italy before Romans

Question 39

source of information on Etruscan civilizations

Answer 39

cemeteries

Question 40

necropolis

Answer 40

means "city of the dead"

Question 41

Answer 41

known as the "Tomb of the Lionesses" from Etruscan civilization example of a fresco learned to use different colors to differentiate gender from Egyptians learned about Dipylon pottery from Greeks (seen in images)

Question 42

terra cotta

Answer 42

red earth or clay used in Etruscan sculpture

Question 43

Answer 43

known as "Sarcophagus" from Etruscan civilization depicts a couple feeding each other romantically example of terra cotta

Question 44

Chimera

Answer 44

3-headed mythical creature from Etruscan civilization

Question 45

Virgil

Answer 45

great Roman poet author of *The Aeneid*

Question 46

The Aeneid

Answer 46

Virgil's epic poem ending in the foundation of Rome by Trojan prince (Aeneus)

Question 47

Roman contributions to today's society

Answer 47

government alphabet language roots architecture

Question 48

Answer 48

known as the "Aquaduct at Pont du Gard" from Roman civilization used arches

Question 49

4 developments that allowed Romans to become greatest builders of ancient world (and how)

Answer 49

arches (allowed for building higher than ever before) vaults (allowed for building really big rooms) dome (allowed for building really big rooms) concrete (allowed for building stronger and more durable buildings)

Question 50

Answer 50

known as the "Basilica of Constantine" from Roman civilization used vaults could fit 9 Mercyhurst Preparatory School campuses inside

Question 51

Answer 51

known as the "Pantheon" from Roman civilization used dome used as a temple

Question 52

Answer 52

known as the "Colosseum" from Roman civilization made of concrete

Question 53

narrative relief

Answer 53

sculpture on a 2-dimensional surface that tells a story

Question 54

orator pose

Answer 54

pose used in Roman sculpture to depict a great speaker or politician

Question 55

Answer 55

known as "Trajan Column" from Roman civilization example of narrative relief

Question 56

Answer 56

known as "Augustus of Primaporta" from Roman civilization example of orator pose found in ruins of a house

Question 57

Marcus Aurelius

Answer 57

great Roman emperor

Question 58

Pompeii

Answer 58

Roman city burned by volcanic eruption preserved lots of Roman architecture (under the ash)

Question 59

Answer 59

known as the "Villa of Mysteries" from Roman civilization located in the city of Pompeii learned to worship new gods from Greeks

Question 60

Middle Ages

Answer 60

time period in between Dark Ages and Renaissance took place between 400AD and 1400AD

Question 61

civilizations of Middle Ages

Answer 61

Byzantine civilization Islamic civilization Christian Europe

Question 62

Answer 62

known as the "Hagia Sophia" from Byzantine civilization learned to build domes from Romans originally a Christian church that was converted into a mosque

Question 63

Constantine

Answer 63

emperor of Rome made Christianity the official religion of Rome moved the capital of Rome to Constantinople (Istanbul)

Question 64

Mohammed

Answer 64

last prophet in Islam wrote the Quran as dictated by Allah

Question 65

Answer 65

known as "Mosque at Samarra" located in Iraq one of oldest mosques in world had a big tower to shout out when to pray

Question 66

illuminated manuscript

Answer 66

illustrated text usually religious and created by monks hand-copied

Question 67

reliquary

Answer 67

sculptured container used to hold relics believed to have miraculous powers

Question 68

Answer 68

known as the "Book of Kells" from Ireland designed with patterns example of illuminated manuscript

Question 69

Answer 69

known as "Notre Dame de Paris" located in Paris gothic church made to allow everybody in Paris to attend mass at once

Question 70

gargoyle

Answer 70

water spout named after sound of water in tubes