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World History > Ancient India and China > Flashcards

Ancient India and China Flashcards

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1
Q

Harrappa

A

Ancient Indian City

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2
Q

Mohenjo Daro

A

Ancient Indian City, no one knows how it declined

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3
Q

Aryans

A

took over India in 2000 BC

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4
Q

Vedas

A

Ancient Sacred writings of the Aryans

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5
Q

Rigveda

A

Oldest veda that established the caste system

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6
Q

Varnas

A

Levels of the Caste System (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudras

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7
Q

Ramayana

A

Hindu epic, a model of the ideal couple Rama and Sita

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8
Q

Dharma

A

Spiritual duties and obligations

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9
Q

Karma

A

sum of a person’s actions

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10
Q

Moksha

A

Liberation from the cycle of reincarnation

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11
Q

Samsara

A

Reincarnation

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12
Q

Brahma

A

the Creator

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13
Q

Vishnu

A

The Preserver

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14
Q

Siva

A

The Destroyer

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15
Q

Mahabharata

A

ancient hindu epic about a war between two families at the Ganges River Valley

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16
Q

Gita

A

Dialogue between the warrior Arjuna and Krishna within the Mahabharata

17
Q

Krishna

A

Vishnu in Human form

18
Q

Ahisma

A

Jainist nonviolence

19
Q

Nirvana

A

Perfect peace attained by holding to the eightfold path

20
Q

Middle Way

A

Living in moderation, avoiding extremes

21
Q

Theravada

A

“Way of the Elders” - emphasis on becoming monks and society serving the monks

22
Q

Bodhisattvas

A

People who have found enlightenment but haven’t passed into nirvana. Seen as mahayana teachers

23
Q

Ashoka

A

Indian King who helped spread buddhism (200 BC)

24
Q

Zen

A

Mahayana Buddhism that emphasized self-discipline and meditation

25
Q

Fu Xi

A

China’s First Emperor

26
Q

Loess

A

Fine dusty soil in China

27
Q

Shang Dynasty Beliefs

A

Focused on ancestor worship, using oracle bones

28
Q

Oracle Bones

A

Priests using animal bones to communicate with deceased ancestors

29
Q

Zhou Dynasty

A

Introduced the “Mandate of Heaven”

30
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

Gods would support a just leader and would not allow a corrupt person to hold power. The Shang was believed to have been overthrown because they lost God’s Favor

31
Q

Dynastic Cycle

A

Rise and Fall of Dynasties, justified through the Mandate of Heaven

32
Q

Confucius

A

Tried to make education available to all Children

33
Q

Laozi

A

Founder of Daoist philosophy written in the Dao De Jing

34
Q

Daoism

A

Teaches one to retreat from society and discover from the laws of nature. Yin Yang. Ancient “green” religion which has played a role in nature conservation in China.

World History (3 decks)

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