Ancient Greece Wars

Question 1

Persian Wars Cause

Answer 1

Greeks in Ionia rebelled against Persian rule. In turn, the Persians sought revenge against the rest of the Greeks

Question 2

Battle of Marathon

Answer 2

the Greeks force the Persians to retreat. The lured the persians forward then surrounded them on both sides. The messenger ran to Athens to announce the victory and died.

Question 3

Phalanx

Answer 3

tight rectangular formation of soldiers with long spears.

Question 4

Thermopylae

Answer 4

the greeks/spartans held back a much larger persian for three days on a narrow mountain pass

Question 5

Salamis

Answer 5

Sea battle where the greeks led the big Persian ships into a narrow channel, and then they used their smaller ships to sink their opponents. Xerxes watched his navy sink from the shore

Question 6

Leonidas

Answer 6

Spartan leader at the battle of Thermopylae

Question 7

Herodotus

Answer 7

athenian historian who describes the persian wars

Question 8

Darius

Answer 8

King of Persia, who died before the second invasion

Question 9

Sparta

Answer 9

bitter rival with athens

Question 10

Plataea

Answer 10

where the greeks defeated the persians and the persians agreed to peace

Question 11

Delian League

Answer 11

alliance between several greek cities after the persian wars

Question 12

Pericles

Answer 12

rebuilt athens “great champion of democracy”, built the parthenon

Question 13

Peloponnesian League

Answer 13

Delian League’s rival, formed by Sparta

Question 14

Peloponnesian War

Answer 14

Sparta dominated the land, while athens dominated the sea. Sparta took over and all of greece was heavily weakened. Macedonia takes over

Question 15

Socrates

Answer 15

condemned because he was impious, disrespected the religion, and thought to have “corrupted the city’s children” - he thought people could learn best by asking questions

Question 16

Plato’s Republic

Answer 16

argues that government should be led by philosophers, the most qualified to make decisions. Did not support athenian democracy where everyone participated

Question 17

Aristotle

Answer 17

defined reason and logic

Question 18

Homer’s Illiad

Answer 18

about Achilles and Hector in the Trojan War. Achilles kills Hector

Question 19

Lyric poetry

Answer 19

named after the “lyre”. The lyre accompanied the poet

Question 20

Thucydides

Answer 20

considered the greatest greek historian

Question 21

Sappho

Answer 21

great greak woman poet. Wrote the famous “Hymn to Aphrodite”