ancient history: pre history Flashcards
pre history
period in history before written record. objects are primary sources.
lucy
an Australopithecus who walked upright, was smaller than humans, and lived for 3-4 million years about 900 million years ago. named after a beetles song.
neolithic age
-aka agricultural/pastoral age
-9000-3500 bce
-agriculture and domestication
-neolithic revolution = transition from hunter gathering to agricultural settlements
-earliest evidence of agriculture is from mesopotamia
-india, china, south africa, andies
homo habilis
-“handy man”
-fossils found in eastern africa (first ones found in tanzania)
-2.3-1.6 mil years ago
-larger brain than Austra
-first hominids to make tools
homo erectus
-2-1.6 mil years ago
-fossils found in africa, asia, europe (first hominids to move from africa)
-human-like body & features (flatter face, bigger nose, less body hair)
-brains larger than earlier hominids
-believed to be first hominid to use fire (food, socialization)
-hunted in large groups (communication), made art, made basic water crafts (1st species known to navigate water)
neaderthals
-1 mil-40k years ago
-europe and asia (weren’t in africa)
-created stone tools, used fire, had ovens, made clothing (sewing needles, animal skin)
-navigated the mediterranean
-used plants for medicine
-likely spoke
-evidence for ritual/spiritual practices. had graves w offerings
-went extrinct ~40k years ago. possibly bc competition w humans or environmental factors
-descended from same ancestor as human, split 700k years ago, some asian/european humans have neaderthal dna
early human migration
-100-70k years ago, migrated from africa to europe
-65-35k years ago, went to australia (had reliable navigation and boats)
-15k years ago, got to americas (on a land bridge
-all the moving was bc resource competition
bronze age
-metal tools
-city/urban based
-ended the stone age at different times in different places (or sometimes didn’t happen at all)
