Ancient History Pages 50-80 Flashcards
What used to be the name of ancient Greece?
Hellen
Who from the Bible studied and preached in Greece?
Paul
Who was the primary god in Greece?
Zeus
What was the most important thing to the Greek community?
Wisdom/Knowledge
What were the main 3 sections/areas of Greece?
Macedon, Achaea, and Peloponnesia
What is the present capital of Greece?
Athens
What is the place where Greeks worshipped called?
Parthenon
What Greek word did the word “Greek” originate from?
Greikos
What area/section of Greece is Sparta in?
Peloponnesia
What area/section of Greece is Athens in?
Achaea
How old was Alexander the Great when he died?
33
Who took over after Alexander the Great’s death?
Ptolemy
When was Alexander the Great born?
356 B.C.
Which Greek goddess was Athens named after?
Athena
What were the two main city-states in Greece?
Athens and Sparta
Who was called the “father of medicine” and many doctors and nurses go by his oath today?
Hipocrates
Where did Paul preach in Athens?
Mars Hill (Also called the Areopagus and is close to the Acropolis)
What kind of philosophers believed in logic?
Stoics
What kind of philosophers believed that the purpose of life was to enjoy it?
Epicureans
What were Greek prophets called?
An Oracle
What was so called the greatest book in Athens?
Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey
Where were most boys educated?
Public School
Who employed Aristotle to tutor his son?
Philip of Macedon
What was it called when the Greek army would create a circle, march into the middle of the enemy, and destroy the enemy from the inside?
Phalanx
What is a ship with 3 sets of ores and 170 oresmen?
Trireme
Who were the kings of Persia who attacked Greece?
Xerxes and Darius
What was the name of the Spartan king who died at Thermopolean?
Leonidus
How many soldiers under king Xerxes attacked by land?
200,000
Who were wealthy people who voluntariy fought in battle with their own weapons called?
Hoplites
How long was the Peloponnesian war?
27 years
Who won the Peloponnesian war?
Sparta
Who refused an ultimatum by Sparta in the Athens and Sparta wars?
Pericles
How old was Alexander the Great when his father declared him commander-general in his army?
18
What town/community in Egypt had a library?
Alexandria
What did Alexander do while he conquered different countries?
He spread the Greek language and culture.
Describe the effect Alexander the Great had on the world; good and bad.
Bad- he was gay, he was a drunkard, he murdered people while drunk, killed his best friend, tried to commit suicide, and committed many war crimes.
Good- he spread Greek culture and language, he spread the idea of democracy, he united as he conquered
Why was the Peloponnesian war so difficult and what was the cause of it?
The cause of the war was that Sparta feared Athens was getting too powerful and Sparta was jealous of Athens. The reason why the war was so difficult was that all Greek city-states were weakened by the war with many casualties and the destruction of farms.
Describe how Sparta was different than Athens.
Sparta was a war-based city that depended on its military and trained young boys from age 7. They had the strongest military and were more physically fit than the others. Athens was based on culture, art, and knowledge. Many philosophers lived there and the city-state was based on education. It was a very wealthy city that taught reading, writing, music, and art, and it had a strong navy.
Describe the life of Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Great ruled Macedon and was known for being a great conqueror and spreading Greek culture. Aristotle taught him at age 13 and taught him rhetoric, literature, and science. At age 18 his father, Philip of Macedon, promoted him to the commanding officer. After his father was assassinated, Alexander became king. In 334 B.C. he defeated the Persian army whose king was Darius III, but he escaped. From 334 B.C. to 332 B.C. he defeated Persia, Syria, Phoenicia, and Egypt. Alexander proclaimed himself a god and had the city Alexandira named after him. His army was defeated by India because of their use of elephants in battle. He died at age 33. He was gay, a drunkard, and a murderer, but he spread Greek culture and spread unity to the world.
