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1
Q

Timeline of Old stone age

A

2mn to 10,000 BCE

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2
Q

Archeological remains of prehistoric age

A

Stone tools, pottery, artefacts and metal implements were used by the people of prehistoric age.

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3
Q

The important site of the old stone age (2mn to 10,000BCE) in India were

A

Soan valley and Patwar plateau in the Shivalik Hills on North India, Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh, Adamgarh Hills in Narmada Valley, Kurnool in Andhra Pradesh and Attirampakkam near Chennai.

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4
Q

The food was obtained by

A

hunting and gathering edible plants and tubers.

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5
Q

Mesolithic or middle stone age

A

10,000 to 6000 BCE
In this age horticulture and primitive cultivation started.

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6
Q

Neolithic age

A

6000 BCE - 4000 BCE
Wheels were used to make pottery
The mud houses were built instead of grass huts.

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7
Q

Metal age of Chalcolithic

A

(Copper-Stone 4000-2000BCE) Instead of stone, Copper was adopted to made tools.

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8
Q

Iron age

A

1200-600BCE
belonged to Vedic culture. Weapons, tools now started to be made with Iron

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9
Q

The Harappan civilization

A

Indus Valley Civilization, Indus Civilization (2300-1750BCE)
The earliest excavations in the Indus valley were done at Harappa in West Punjab and Mohenjo-Daro in Sindh (Both now in Pakistan).

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10
Q

The Great Bath was found at

A

Mohenjo-Daro.
39ft length, 23ft breath and 8 ft height.
Floor was made of burnt bricks.

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10
Q

Jainism is about

A

Vardhamana Mahavira (539 — 467 BCE)

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11
Q

Life of Vardhamana Mahavira

A

He is the 24th Tirthankara of Jain tradition, born at Kundagrama to Siddharta and Trisala, embraces asceticism at 30, wandering for 12 years.
At the 13th year, he attained Kevala Jnana, becoming Mahavira and Jine. He dies at 72 in Pava near Rajgriha.

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11
Q

Mahavira organized

A

the Sangha to spread teachings.

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12
Q

Jainism found patronage from rulers like

A

Chandragupta Maurya, Kharvela of Kalinga, and dynasties in South India.

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13
Q

Name of the two sects:

A

Shvetambaras (white- clad) led by Sthalbahu and Digambarad (skyclad or naked) led by Bhadrabahu.

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14
Q

The first Jain council in Pataliputra (3rd century BCE) was led by

A

Sthulbadhra

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15
Q

The second council in _______ presided over by _________, led to the final compilation of ____ and ______.

A

Vallabhi (512 CE), Devarddhigani kshamashramana, 12 Angas and 12 Upangas.

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16
Q

Who founded Buddhism

A

Mahatama Buddha (567 - 487 BCE)

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17
Q

When was Siddhartha Gautama born?

A

In 567 BCE in Lumbini Garden

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18
Q

At what age did Gautama Buddha leave home and also when he enlightened under which tree and where did he deliver the first sermon?

A

At 29, he left home and enlightened at 35 under bodhi tree in Bodhgaya and delivered the first sermon in Sarnath.

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19
Q

Buddha had which two types of disciples?

A

Monks (bhikshu) and lay worshippers (upasakas)

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20
Q

Who were Buddhas notable monk disciples?

A

Sariputta and Moggallanna.

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21
Q

The first, second, third and fourth councils of Buddha were at

A

Rajagriha, Vaishali, Patliputra under Ashoka, Kashmir.

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22
Q

Who led the fourth counsil?

In BUDDHISM

A

Kanishka

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23
Q

The 4th council included

A

Ashvaghosha

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24
Q

Tripitakas, Buddhist texts in pali, comprise

A

Sutta pitakas, Vinaya pitakas, and Abhidhamma pitakas.

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25
Q

Which Buddhist literature gives a list of 16 great kingdoms called?

A

Anguttara Nikaya gives a list of 16 great kingdoms called Sixteen Mahajanapadas.

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26
Q

Finally in 6th century how many kingdoms survived and which one?

A

Only 4 kingdoms survived - Vatsa, Avanti, Kosala and Magadha.

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27
Q

Capital of Vatsa

A

Kaushambi near modern Allahabad (Prayagraj).

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28
Q

Capital of Avanti

A

Ujjain and the ruler were Pradyota.

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29
Q

Capital of Kosala

A

Shravasti (Ayodhya) and the ruler was King Prasenjit.

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30
Q

Capital of Magadha

A

Rajgriha and the rulers was Bimbisara, Ajatsatru.

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31
Q

Against whom Bimbisara won the battle?

A

Brahmdutta of Anga and expanded his kingdom.

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32
Q

Bimbisara built friendly relationships with whom?

A

Avanti

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33
Q

Ajatasatru fought for 16 years against whom which made him more powerful?

A

Kosala and Vaishali.

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34
Q

Who followed Ajatshatru as the ruler?

A

Udayin

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35
Q

Who brought Avanti under Magadhan empire?

A

Shishunaga

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36
Q

Mahapadma ruled strongly for how many years?

A

Ten years

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37
Q

Mahapadma had how many sons

A

Eight

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38
Q

Who is the son of Mahapadma who ruled the last?

A

Dhana Nanda

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39
Q

Kautilya’s Arthashashtra was written by

A

Kautilya

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40
Q

Who is the contemporary of Chandragupta Maurya?

A

Kautilya

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41
Q

What is the most important literary source of the history of the Maurya?

A

Kautilya’s Arthashashtra

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42
Q

Kautilya was also known as

A

Indian Machiavelli

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43
Q

Meaning of Machiavelli

A

Cunning or scheming person especially in politics.

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44
Q

The manuscript of Arthashashtra was first discovered by

A

R. Sharma Shashtri in 1904.

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45
Q

Who wrote Indica?

A

Megasthenes

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46
Q

What is the meaning of Bindusara?

A

Slayers of enemies.

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46
Q

Who was the founder of Mauryan empire?

A

Chandragupta Maurya (322 - 298 BCE)

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47
Q

Who was Megasthenes?

A

Greek Ambassador in the court of Chandragupta Maurya.

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48
Q

What did Greeks call Bindusara?

A

Amitraghatha

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49
Q

Bindusara supported

A

Aajivikas, a religious sect

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50
Q

Bindusara appointed his son Ashoka as what?

A

As the governor of Ujjain.

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51
Q

What is the most important event of Ashoka’s reign ?

A

The victorious war with Kalinga in 261 BCE.

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52
Q

What was the effect of the Kalinga war on Ashoka?

A

As an effect, Ashoka embraced Buddhism under the influence of Buddhist monk, Upagupta.

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53
Q

What did Ashoka and Dasaratha gifted Aajivika’s?

A

Caves

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53
Q

What is the only remaining of Mauryan period?

A

The stupa of Sanchi

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54
Q

Who is the son of Ashoka?

A

Dasaratha

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55
Q

Where are the caves situated?

A

At Barabar hills near Bodhgaya.

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56
Q

Who replaced Mauryan rule?

A

Shunga dynasty

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57
Q

Who is the founder of Shunga dynasty?

A

Pushyamitra Shunga

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58
Q

Pushyamitra followed?

A

Brahmanism

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59
Q

Who was the last Shunga ruler?

A

Devabhuti

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60
Q

How did Shunga dynasty ended?

A

The minister of Devabhuti, Vasudeva Kanva, the founder of Kanva murdered Devabhuti.

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61
Q

Satavahanas is also known as

A

Andhras

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62
Q

Satavahanas established their independent rule after

A

decline of the Maurya’s in the deccan.

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63
Q

Who was the founder of the Satavahanas dynasty?

A

Simuka

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64
Q

Simuka is succeeded by

A

Krishna upto Nasik

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65
Q

Who was the greatest ruler of Satavahanas dynasty?

A

Gautamiputra Satkarni (106 - 130 BCE)

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66
Q

Who repaired the old Amaravathi Stupa?

A

Vashisthiputra Pulumavi

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67
Q

This Satavahanas built

A

Chaityas and Viharas

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68
Q

The Kushanas were a branch of the

A

Yuchi Tribe

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69
Q

The founder of the Kushanas dynasty was

A

Kujula Kadphises or Kadphises

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70
Q

The son of Kujula conquered

A

Wima Kadphises conquered the whole of northwestern India as far as Mathura.

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71
Q

The most important ruler of the Kushana Dynasty was

A

Kanishka(78 - 120 CE)

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72
Q

Who was the founder of the Saka era which started from 78 CE?

A

Kanishka, the most important ruler of Kushana dynasty.

72
Q

When did saka era started?

A

78 CE

73
Q

The capital of Kanishka

A

Purushapura is the capital and Mathura was another important city in his empire.

74
Q

What did Kanishka followed?

A

Buddhism

75
Q

Last important ruler of the Kushana Dynasty

A

Vasudeva

76
Q

What was the three existed Sangams popularly called

A

Muchangum

77
Q

The first sangam held at

A

Madurai

77
Q

Who attended the first sangam and what literary work of this sangam is available

A

the first sangam was attented by gods and legendary stages but no literary work of this sangam was available.

77
Q

The second sangam was held at

A

Kapadapuram

78
Q

The third sangam at Madurai was founded by

A

Moda Thirumaram

78
Q

What is the literary work of second sangam

A

All the literary works had perished except Tolkappiyam.

79
Q

The corpus of third sangam.

A

Tolkappiyam Ettuhogai, Pattuppattu, Panthinenkil- Kanakku, and the two epics- Silappathikaram and Manimegalai.

79
Q

The Ashokan inscriptions mentioned

A

The Cholas, Cheras and Pandyas on the South of the Mauryan Empire.

80
Q

Where does the excavations reveal the overseas commercial activities of the Tamils.

A

Arikkamedu, Poompuharm, Kodumanal and other places.

81
Q

Which three countries was Tamil country ruled by?

A

Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas.

82
Q

The Capital of Cheras

A

Vajji

82
Q

The important seaports of Cheras

A

Tondi and Musiri

83
Q

Famous rulers of Cheras dynasty

A

Udiyan Cheralatan, Imayavaramban Nedum Cheralathan and Cheran Senguttuvan

84
Q

The famous king of Cholas

A

Karaikala

85
Q

The capital of Pandyas

A

Madurai

86
Q

Who wrote Maduraikkanji?

A

Mangudi Maruthanar

87
Q

What does Maduraikkanji describes?

A

the socio-economic condition of the Pandyas.

88
Q

The last famous king of Pandyas kingdom during the Sangam Period?

A

Uggira Peruvaludhi

89
Q

What was the reason of decline Off Pandya Dynasty?

A

the invasion of Kalabhras.

90
Q

The primary deity was

A

Murugan or Seyon

91
Q

Who were also worshiped?

A

Mayon (Vishnu), Vendan (Indiran), Varunan and Korravai were also worshipped.

92
Q

Eminent rulers of the Gupta Empire Were:

A
  • Chandragupta I (320- 335 or 340 CE)
  • Ramagupta (late 4th century)
  • Chandragupta II (nearly 380- 413 CE or 415 CE)
  • Kumargupta (near about 415- 455 CE)
  • Skandagupta (455 - 467 CE)
  • Purugupta (467 - 469 CE)
  • Buddhagupta (477- nearly 500 CE)
93
Q

Books written by Vishakhadutta provide information regarding the rise of Guptas.

A

Devichandraguptam and Mudhrarakshasam

94
Q

Who is the Chinese traveler during the reign of Chandragupta II?

A

Fa-Hien

95
Q

Who is the founder of Gupta dynasty?

A

Sri Gupta2

96
Q

Who is the first person to be called Maharajadhiraja (the great kings of kings)?

A

Chandragupta I

97
Q

Who was hailed as Indian Nepoleon?

A

Samudragupta

98
Q

why was samudragupta hailed as Indian nepoleon?

A

because of his military achievements

99
Q

What are the military achievements of Samudragupta?

A

His magnanimity towards his foes, his polished intellect, his poetic skills, and his proficiency in music.

100
Q

Samudragupta’s image depicting him with Veena is found in?

A

The coins issued by him.

101
Q

Who is the last ruler of Saka Satrap?

A

Rudrasimha III

102
Q

Rudrasimha III was defeated by

A

Chandragupta II

103
Q

Besides of Rudrasimha, who else was defeated by Chandragupta II

A

The confederacy of enemy chiefs in Vanga

104
Q

What kind of valuable info was provided by Fa-Hien about the condition of the Gupta empire?

A

the info on the religious, social, and economic conditions.

105
Q

Who is the son and the successor of Chandragupta II?

A

Kumargupta

106
Q

Who laid the foundation of Nalanda University?

A

Kumargupta

107
Q

What emerged as an institution of international reputation?

A

Nalanda University

108
Q

Why did Gupta power disappeared?

A

Due to Hunas invasion and later by the rise of Yasodharman in Malwa

109
Q

Who were Vaishnavas?

A

Most of the Gupta kings were Vaishnavas

110
Q

What sacrifices did Vaishnavas performed?

A

Ashvamedha

111
Q

What is Ashvamedha Sacrifice?

A

Sacrificing a sacred horse.

112
Q

What art styles evolved during the Gupta period?

A

Nagara and Dravidian styles of art

113
Q

What literature were composed during the Gupta Period?

A

religious literature like puranas

114
Q

Who was a great mathematician and astronomer?

A

Aryabhatta

115
Q

Which book did Aryabhatta wrote in 499 CE?

A

Aryabhatiyam

116
Q

What did Aryabhatta declare the first?

A

He was the first to declare that the earth was spherical and that it rotates on its axis.

117
Q

What is First astronomical systems?

A

Pancha Siddhanta

118
Q

Who composed Pancha siddhanta?

A

Varahamihira

119
Q

What is the standard work on astrology of Varahamihira?

A

Brihadsamhita is a great work by him in Sanskrit literature. Brihadjataka is a standard work on astrology.

120
Q

Who was the last of the great medical trio of ancient India?

A

Vagbhata

121
Q

Vagbhata was the author of?

A

Ashtangasamgraha

122
Q

Who were the two great scholars that lived before the Gupta age?

A

Charaka and susruta

123
Q

Period of age of Harshavardhana

A

606-647 CE

124
Q

Who wrote Harshacharitra?

A

Banabhatta, a celebrated poet and historian who authored the Harshacharita and Kadambari.
(The court poet of Harsha)

125
Q

The name of the Chinese traveller who visited India in the 7th century CE.

A

Hiuen Tsang

126
Q

Name the dramas written by Harsha.

A

Ratnavali, Nagananda, and Priyadarshika.

127
Q

Which inscriptions are helpful to know the ecology of Harsha?

A

Madhuben plate inscription and the Sonpat Inscription

128
Q

Which inscription contains the signature of Harsha?

A

Banskhera inscription, a larger kingdom in North India?

129
Q

Who is the founder of family of Harsha?

A

Pushyabhuti

130
Q

who is the first important king of the Pushyabhuti dynasty?

A

Prabhakarvardhana

131
Q

The capital of Prabhakarvardhana

A

Thaneswar, north of Delhi

132
Q

Harsha led a campaign against

A

The ruler of Sindh

133
Q

Hiuen Tsang converted Harsha into

A

Mahayana Buddhism

134
Q

The religious assembly by Harsha was organized at?

A

Kannauj

135
Q

what was the purpose of the religious assembly organized by Harsha at Kannauj?

A

to honor the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsang that went on Continuously for 23 days.

136
Q

Which period does the Lakshmana temple at Sirpur belongs?

A

Harsha Period

137
Q

Who patronized Nalanda University?

A

The successors of Kumar Gupta and later by Harsha

138
Q

The Rashtrakutas dynasty was found by?

A

Dantidurg

139
Q

who built the Kailasha temple at Ellora?

A

Krishna I

140
Q

Who is credited for building cave Shrine Elephants dedicated to Shiva?

A

Rashtrakutas

141
Q

King Amoghavarsha of Rashtrakuta dynasty wrote

A

the first Kannada poetry Kavirajmarga

142
Q

Who constructed the Sun temple at Konark?

A

Narsimhadeva

143
Q

where is the sun temple ?

A

Konark

144
Q

Gangas dynasty ruled

A

Orrissa

145
Q

Which temple in built by Anantravarman?

A

The Jagannath temple

146
Q

Where is the Jagannath temple?

A

At Puri

147
Q

Who are Kesaris

A

Kesaris ruled before Gangas and built Lingaraja temple at Bhubaneshwar

148
Q

Where is Lingaraja temple?

A

Bhubaneshwar

149
Q

Who found Pallavas dynasty?

A

Simhavishnu

150
Q

What is the capital of Pallava dynasty?

A

Kanchi

151
Q

Which town was founded by Narsimhavarmas?

A

Mamallapuram (Mahabalipupram)

152
Q

Narsimhavarmas built?

A

rock-cut rathas and even pagodas

153
Q

Palas is known as

A

Dharmapala

154
Q

The capital of Palas

A

Monghyr

155
Q

The greatest ruler of Pratihara

A

Bhoja or Mihir (Mihir-Bhoja) also known as Adivaraha

156
Q

Khajuraho temple was built during the reign of

A

Chandellas of Bundelkhand

157
Q

Capital of Chalukya

A

Vatapi

158
Q

Chalukya dynasty is founded by

A

Jayasimha

159
Q

Jayasimha is contemporary to

A

Harshavardhan

160
Q

The four divided clans of Rajputs

A

(Pratiharas, Chauhans, Chalukya/Solankis, Parmaras) Dynasties.

161
Q

Pratiharas ruled

A

Southern Rajasthan

162
Q

Chauhans ruled

A

Eastern Rajasthan

163
Q

Chalukya/Solankis ruled

A

Kathiawar

164
Q

Parmaras ruled

A

Malwa

165
Q

Who founded Cholas dynasty?

A

Vijayalaya

166
Q

What is the capital of Cholas dynasty?

A

Tanjore

167
Q

whom did Aditya from Cholas dynasty wipe out and weakened?

A

Aditya I wiped out the Pallavas and weakened the Pandyas.

168
Q

Purantaka I captured?

A

Madurai

169
Q

Purantaka I was defeatead by

A

Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna III at the battle of Takkolam

170
Q

Rajaraja I lived

A

AD 985-1014

171
Q

Rajaraja I led a Naval Expendition against

A

the Shailendra empire (Malaya Peninsula)

172
Q

Rajaraja I conquered

A

Northern Sri Lanka

173
Q

Who constructed Rajarajeshwari shiva temple at Tanjore?

A

Rajaraja I

174
Q

Rajarajeshwari shiva temple is also known as

A

Brihadeshvara temple

175
Q

Who is Rajendra I ?

A

He lived for AD 1014-1044. Annexed the whole Sri Lanka took the title of Gangaikonda and founded Gangaikonda Cholapuram.

176
Q

What is the dancing figure of Shiva known as

A

Nataraja

177
Q

Nataraja belongs to the

A

Chola period

178
Q

Local government existed in

A

Chola Period

General Knowledge (5 decks)

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