Ancient Europe Flashcards
Who was Ancient Europe occupied by?
Germanic Tribes
In the 9th and 10th centuries, Europe was threatened by what 3 groups?
- Vikings (north)
- Muslims (south)
- Magyars (east)
What 2 systems developed after collapse of Rome?
Feudalism and Manoralism
What is manoralism?
Economic system in which large estates granted by kings to nobles. It lacked the militaristic essence of feudalism
What does “demesne” refer to in regards to Euopean feudalism?
Lord’s property
What does “enfranchisement” mean?
Freeing of serfs grew during the High Middle Ages (1050-1300)
What was the “Magna Carta?”
A charter issued by King John of England on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons.
Who established the basis of Kievian Russia?
Vladimir I who converted to Orthodox Christianity in 988 CE.
What were the purpose of the Crusades?
An attempt to liberate the Holy Land (land near and in Jerusalem) from Muslims.
Crusades led to the death of what 2 main groups?
Jews and Muslims
Who was Charlemagne?
Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great or Charles I, was King of the Franks who united most of Western Europe during the Middle Ages and laid the foundations for modern France and Germany.
What was “scholasticism?”
An effort to reconcile reason and fatih and to instruct Christians how to make sense of pagan tardition
Who was Peter Abelard?
Controversial proponent of Scholasticism; believed reason could resolve the apparent contradictions between Bible and church leaders.
Known for “Sic et Non” (Yes and No)
Who was Thomas Aquina?
- Believed that there were 2 orders of truth
- Viewed universe as a great chain of being, with humans midway ont he chain, between material and spiritual
What were the “chansons de geste”?
Long epic poems compoesd by 1050 and 1150 CE
