Ancient Egypt

Question 1

Ptolemaic Period

Answer 1

323-30 BCE

Greece took over ancient Egypt

Question 2

Second Intermediate Period and New Kingdom

Answer 2

1550-1080 BCE

a lot of papyri from this period

Question 3

Egyptian sources of Information

Answer 3

• artistic interpretations
• instruments
• paleopathology: dead bodies
• references in historical, social and literary records

Question 4

metu

Answer 4

a networked body

• networks of tubes throughout body: 22-52 paths
• carry bodily fluids or malignant spirits

Question 5

key points in the body

Answer 5

heart= seed of intelligence and emotion
anus= believed that the corruption of the body was caused by bad food or bad digestion

Question 6

putrefication

Answer 6

poisoning of the body through bad digestion or bad food

- importance of emetics and enemas because they expell this corruption

Question 7

thoth

Answer 7

deity of healing and science

- self created deity that was made from chaos and order

Question 8

Sekhmet

Answer 8

goddess of disease

• angry goddess that will ravage body with disease
• sacrifice things for her to prevent disease

Question 9

selquet

Answer 9

goddess of scorpions

• scorpions were common and had to deal with them
• believed in god in hope of prevention

Question 10

isis

Answer 10

goddess of magic and women

• associated with childbirth and motherhood
• mother of horus (divine physician)

Question 11

horus

Answer 11

divine physician

Question 12

Imhotep and Amenhotep

Answer 12

divine doctors

• 27th century BCE
• becomes healing saint after proving their divination, not gods

Question 13

swnw

Answer 13

Egyptian word for physician

- Hesy Ra= 2600 BCE

Question 14

Merit Ptah

Answer 14

• female physician in Ancient Egypt

- 2700 BCE

Question 15

Peseshet of the Old Kingdom

Answer 15

possible female overseer of physicians or just specifically female physicians

Question 16

midwives and nurses in Egypt

Answer 16

• used for aid during childbirth
• very prevalent throughout society because doctors rarely aided in childbirth
• families looked to women in family to care for sick or elders

Question 17

surgery in Egypt

Answer 17

• doctors would learn about the inside of the human body by reading documents from embalmers
• surgery was not done bc too risky, infection, hemorrhaging, and anesthesia
• learned from embalmers the benefits of bandages

Question 18

Tebeketenmut Toe

Answer 18

• prosthetic toe made for a priest’s daughter
• made out of leather and wood, tested in Manchester for functionality
• may have had diabetes which led to toe being amputated

Question 19

Kahun Gynecological Papyrus

Answer 19

• found in the late 19th century, religious style script
• basic instructions to treat disorders
• many believed that any issue with a woman could be attributed to her uterus travelling around her body

Question 20

Edwin Smith Papyrus

Answer 20

• 1650-1550 BCE
• trauma treatis
• the writing of this tracks three different people
  Author (2600-2200 BCE), Commentator, Scribe

Question 21

Shesau manuals

Answer 21

writing in the form of an instruction manual

• how to diagnose a patient, what is wrong with them
• prognosis, whether or not a patient will recover
• how you as a doctor will treat the patients

Question 22

Pekhret

Answer 22

recipes without instruction

• just lists of recipes
• no examination or prognosis

Question 23

Ebers or Smith Papyrus

Answer 23

• 1534 BCE
• longest medical papyrus
• medical/ scientific papyrus on one side with incantations and magical approaches on the other side