Ancient Egypt Flashcards
what is history
the investigation of peoples actions and experiences of the past
what do historians do
Ask questions
Collect info
Search for anything that produces evidence
Develop theories
Read and discuss ideas
what are the 6w’s
who
what
where
when
how
why
what do historians and detectives have in common?
they both use the 6w’s to discover things about the past
what do historians often hypothesise on and what do they do with it?
what a something was used for, who made it and as the investigation goes on they test their hypothesis
what is archeology?
the study of the physical remains of the past to learn about the lives of the humans who lived in societies older than ours
what are the main feature of historians
they investigate the past and learn about it
what are the main features of archeologists
Discuss ancient objects
what are the roles of archeologists
dig up/uncover buried things left behind previous civilizations
what are the roles of historians
Explain something that happened in the past
Try to recreate the past
what sources do historians use
6w’s
Anything that provides info on the past
primary/secondary socurces
what sources do archeologists use
6w’s
Anything that provides info on the past
Archeology sites
what is the def of stratigraphy
the study of rock orders
what is the def of the Law of Superposition
the bottom layer of the soil is the oldest and the top layer is the most recent
what is the def of chronological order
A way of arranging actions events or things according to when they happened
what is the def of a CT scan
Medical procedures that takes pictures of the inside of a body
what is the def of DNA analysis
testing DNA and blood samples to identify links
what is the def of experimental archeology
a study that tests an archeological hypothesis by replicating the likelihood of cultures performing it
what is the def of Dendrochronology
Tree ring dating: based on that the timbers of a tree develop a ring every year. Used to work out the age of the material
what is the def of Radiocarbon dating
it relies on the fact that all living things absorb carbon: Used to work out the age of the material
what is the def of Thermoluminescence dating
involves scientists heating objects to very high temps and then measuring the light energy objects give off: Used to work out the age of the material
what is the def of an Anthropologist
The study of human development including human origin, behaviour and physical, social and cultural development
what is the def of a Cryptographer
Study, create and decipher codes and written systems
what is the def of Scientific Experts
Uses forms of science and the scientific method to provide evidence on things and check their authenticity
what is the def of Linguistics
study the nature and structure of languages and how they have changed over time.
what is the def of Palaeontologists
investigates plants and animal fossils to study the biology of past life forms
When did Howard Cater discover King Tut?
1924
When did King tut die (age)
at 19yrs old
when did Howard carter start examining King Tut and how
in 1924 and cut up his body
When did Prof. R.G Harrison x-ray King Tut’s body
1968
when came out of Prof. R.G Harrison’s x-ray
they found King Tut had a sore on the left cheek, a slight cleft plate, missing ribs, no breast bone and limited movement in the neck
when was the CT-scan on King Tut
2005
what did they find out from the CT-scan on King Tut
he was generally well-fed and healthy and in good health, had a long face like his family, some of the injuries he got was during carter’s embalming and he broke his left leg shortly before dying which got infected
when did the DNA-testing on King Tut happen
2010
what did the the DNA-testing on King Tut reveal
his parents were siblings and he was a victim of malaria
what is a primary source?
created during the time the historian is investigating
what is a secondary source
created after the period the historian is investigating
when and where was Otzi’s human corpse discovered?
19/9/1991 in the Otzal Alps in melting glacier
what are the questions on whether something is reliable
-is it complete
-does it provide accurate info
-state facts
-biased
-does it create propaganda
how was Otzi the ice-man damaged
when it was attempted to be removed from the glacier
what are the questions on whether something is useful
-answers a question
-gives details on a topic
-helps us understand something
-supports something we already know
-challenges something we believe is true
what is the def. of fact
what really happened, the truth, the reality of an event, situation or person
what is the def. of opinion
someone’s personal view
what are the 6 concepts of history?
- Continuity and change
- Cause and effect
- Perspectives
- Empathetic Understanding
- Significance
- Contestability
what is the explanation of Empathetic Understanding
The ability to see the past through the eyes and different viewpoints of its participants
what is the explanation of Cause and effect
an action that causes something else to happen
what is the explanation of Continuity and change
things can either stay the same or change
what is the explanation of Perspectives
How you see something and how it influences the way you feel and behave towards people’s ideas and the world
what is the explanation of the Significance
the importance of a particular action, development, event, person or group withing its own time or beyond
What is the explanation of contestability?
Being aware of multiple perspectives on the same issue.
How far back was ancient Australia?
Going back at least 45,000 years before European contact.
What is the evidence of empathetic understanding?
What a particular person living at a particular time in the past would have acted in a certain way.
What is the evidence of continuity and change?
Want to know what changes occurred and for what reasons.
What is the evidence of cause and effect?
Look for sources that help them find out what might have caused another event or action
What is the evidence of perspectives?
In tested in what might have influenced the way creator presented and reported on a particular situation.
What is evidents of significance.
Historians can develop different interpretations.
What is the evidence of contestability?
Looking as sources that are contradictory.
BCE:
Before common era
CE:
Common era
Century.
100 years.
Decade.
10 years.
2000s
21st century. `
1900s
20th century
1500s
10th century.
What is the three dynasties of ancient Egypt?
Old Kingdom
middle Kingdom
new kingdom
The Nile is:
The longest river in the world.
Flows from one end of Egypt to another.
The Nile flood waters left behind.
The black lands- which were excellent for farming.
The desert part of Egypt was called.
The red lands
The Nile created 3 Seasons:
Akhet: flood season
Peret: seed time
Shemu: harvest time
What was the impact of the Nile floods
If it was too big it would destroy property
If it was too small, it wouldn’t produce fertile farming areas.
What was the pharaoh’s role in society?
Most important role.
What was the visor’s role in society?
Chief judge in charge of government
What was the nomarch’s role in society?
Governors responsible for their region
What were the official’s roles in society?
To maintain law order and record Pharaohs decisions and taxes.
What were the priest’s roles in society?
To supervise religious practices.
What were the scribe’s and artisans roles and societies?
They studied language and writing.
Where were towns and villages built in ancient Egypt?
On high ground to ensure flooding of the Nile wouldn’t reach them
What were houses in ancient Egypt build to withstand?
Hot climate
What did wealthy houses look like?
Two stories, gardens in frescoes.
What did ordinary houses look like?
Clay, single living area and storage for grain and beer.
What is polytheism?
Multiple gods.
What is monotheism?
One God
What is a patron?
A Protector of the city.
What was the papyrus scroll
200 spells for the person to use in the afterlife because it was believed to be dangerous.
Weighing of the heart:
Most important test.
Held in the hall of Two Truths.
Heart v.s feather
What is a pyramid?
Tombes for mummified pharaohs
Old Kingdom:
Strong government
Ended with the military campaign in Libya
First intermediate period
Local rulers want power
Civil Wars happen.
Middle Kingdom
Reasserts Egypt’s power.
Expand order into Northern Nubia
Good relationship with the nubias
Become targets because of wealth and supplies
Second intermediate.
Hyskos control Nile Delta, which led to instability.
Forced Egyptians to improve military tactics.
Egyptians won back control when Pharaoh Ahmos beat them
New Kingdom
Golden age- peace and prosperity
more business and contact with near East and Crete
more trading relationsips
