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Spanish > Ancient Civilizations Review: Not finished > Flashcards

Ancient Civilizations Review: Not finished Flashcards

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1
Q

The most advanced of the civilizations that flourished between the 3rd and the 16th century was?

A

The Mayas.

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2
Q

What territory did the Mayas occupy?

A

The Yucatan Peninsula, Belize, Guatemala, and parts of El Salvador and Honduras

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3
Q

Ruins of Mayas’s temples, tombs, sculptures and murals can be seen in places such as…?

A

Chichén-Itzá (yucatan) and Uxmal (mexico)

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4
Q

What made the Mayas advanced?

A

their architecture, astronomy, complex system of hieroglyphics, and mathematics. Their very precise sun calendar was determined by complex mathematical calculations.

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5
Q

to achieve, manage

A

lograr

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6
Q

to belong to

A

pertenecer

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7
Q

to furnish, supply

A

proveer

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8
Q

to get rid of

A

exterminar

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9
Q

to defear

A

derrotar

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10
Q

to testify, prove

A

atestiguar

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11
Q

to place oneself, live, settle

A

situarse

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12
Q

indigenous, native

A

indígena

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13
Q

native

A

indio, oriundo

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14
Q

local

A

nativo

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15
Q

daily

A

diario, cotidiana

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16
Q

political, politic

A

político

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17
Q

largest

A

mayor

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18
Q

smallest

A

menor

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19
Q

warlike

A

guerrero/a, bélico/a

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20
Q

artisan collective

A

artesanado

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21
Q

exactly

A

precisamente

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22
Q

capital (resources)

A

el capital

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23
Q

capital (place)

A

la capital

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24
Q

protection wall/gated community

A

el mural

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25
Q

myth

A

el mito

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26
Q

legend, tale

A

la leyenda

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27
Q

success

A

el éxito

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28
Q

time period

A

la época

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29
Q

palace

A

el palacio

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30
Q

tribe

A

el tribu

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31
Q

pyramid

A

la pirámide

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32
Q

army

A

el ejército

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33
Q

decline/decadence

A

la decadencia

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34
Q

peak

A

el apogeo

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35
Q

Where was the first latin-american literature from.

A

The Mayas. They were the only ones who had an advanced writing system.

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36
Q

The civilization that developed its empire during the 15th century was the:

A

Aztecs

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37
Q

The capital city of this empire was _______ and is now known as Mexico City.

A

Tenochtitlán

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38
Q

Religion dominated their lives and they built large temples in the form of_______

A

pyramids

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39
Q

Aztec sculptures are very detailed and the most famous is________

A

Calendar Sun Stone

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40
Q

This indigenous civilization thrived in the mountains of the:

A

Andes (Incas)

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41
Q

The Inca’s empire extended from ____ to ___________ and its center was in _____

A

Ecuador, center of Chile, Perú

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42
Q

The Incas success was due to a highly structured________________

A

political and social system.

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43
Q

The Inca also had a strong _________ and a magnificent system of ___________.

A

military, communication (paths through the mountains).

44
Q

for other civilizations

A

add location and time period, a pick and chose some of the easiest themes that they probably presented on.

45
Q

The capital city of the Incas was ____ and all points of the empire communicated with this city

A

Cuzco (modern day Peru)

46
Q

The Inca developed a system of cord and knots of various colors and sizes to write and count that formed a:

A

a rope/knots to act as written communication.

47
Q

The two animals that were used in the high Andean plains for transport, food, milk and wool for clothing were the

A

alpaca and llama.

48
Q

Other minor civilizations:

A

Caribes, Las Chibchas, Los guaraníes, Los araucanos.

49
Q

Where were the Caribes, and what were they famous for?

A

Antilles (Antillas in spanish– Caribbean islands), being a fierce, military based community

50
Q

Where were the Chibchas, and what were they famous for?

A

Colombia, expert craftsmen (especially with gold)

51
Q

Where were the guaraníes, and what are they famous for?

A

Paraguay, Today their language is spoken in Paraguay just as much as Spanish. Their language is called guaraní.

52
Q

Where were the araucanos, and what are they famous for?

A

originalmente de la costa de Chile, pero hoy día en Argentina. their strong fight against the Spanish when the Spanish arrived.

53
Q

The group that is considered the first group of major importance to the region that is now known as Mexico is the

A

the Olmecs (olmecas)

54
Q

when were the Olmecs successful?

A

1600 BCE to around 350 BCE

55
Q

The Olmecas built_______ and are most well known for their _______

A

ceremonial centers, huge sculptures of heads (called the Olmec Colossal Heads).

56
Q

The Aztecs were very______

A

religious and advanced.

57
Q

other tribes did what to the aztecs?

A

paid tributes

58
Q

What was the Aztec ruler and who ruled it when the Spanish arrived in the 16th century

A

most powerful, Moctezuma

59
Q

Toltecas: location, time period, most famous for

A

central Mexico (Tollan capital) 950–1168, craftsmanship of metal and stone, large human statues.Quetzalcoatl: feathered serpent, most important deity- knowledge.

60
Q

Zapotecas: location, time period, most famous for

A

Southern Mexico, to west of Yucatan. Small place, 700 BC–16th century. Believed in mesoamerican religion. Oaxaca Valley developed a writing system, calendar, religion, and reached notable achievements in artistic and architectural pursuits, among others. They also developed governing systems with priests and monarch figures at the very top of the social hierarchy in their respective city-states.

61
Q

Taínos: location, time period, most famous for

A

Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands (Caribbean Islands) around 400 BC. Encounter by Christopher colombus. Their gods were called Zemis. Spoke Arwackan. Had a chief and priests (cacique and boquice lower).

62
Q

Language of the Aztecs?

A

Nahuatl

63
Q

Rapa Nui: location, time period, most famous for

A

Easter (Pasqua) Island in Chile. Have existed for a long time. Moai statues (heads) no one knows how they got there. Polynesian

64
Q

Arawaco: location, time period, most famous for

A

Northern Colombia, Venezuela, caribbean, Nabusimake (capital), still exists, dancing, chiefs, have many wives. Sugar and coffee.

65
Q

to flourish

A

florecer

66
Q

to develop

A

desarrollar

67
Q

to construct

A

construir

68
Q

to dominate

A

dominar

69
Q

to celebrate

A

celebrar

70
Q

to sacrifice

A

sacrificar

71
Q

to include

A

incluir

72
Q

to communicate

A

comunicar

73
Q

to tie a knot

A

hacer un nudo

74
Q

to arrive, bring

A

llegar

75
Q

to get rid of

A

exterminar

76
Q

to fight

A

luchar

77
Q

to disappear

A

desaparecer

78
Q

human

A

humano

79
Q

detailed

A

detallado

80
Q

social

A

social

81
Q

organized

A

organizado

82
Q

still, yet

A

todavía

83
Q

like

A

como

84
Q

century

A

el siglo

85
Q

time period, era

A

la época

86
Q

empire

A

el imperio

87
Q

state, condition

A

el estado

88
Q

territory

A

el territorio

89
Q

peninsula

A

la península

90
Q

ruins

A

la ruina

91
Q

tomb

A

la tumba

92
Q

sculpture

A

la escultura

93
Q

palace

A

el palacio

94
Q

building

A

el edificio

95
Q

religion

A

la religión

96
Q

stone

A

la piedra

97
Q

system

A

el sistema

98
Q

government

A

el gobierno

99
Q

emperor

A

el emperador

100
Q

god

A

el dios

101
Q

cord

A

cuerda

102
Q

size

A

tamaño

103
Q

wool

A

lana

104
Q

food

A

la alimentación

105
Q

clothing

A

la vestimenta

Spanish (27 decks)

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