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Great Civ 2014-2015 > Ancient China > Flashcards

Ancient China Flashcards

1
Q

Important rivers China

A

Yellow River and Yangtze River

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2
Q

About the rivers China

A

Futile, provides transportation, flow to the east

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3
Q

Natural Boundaries China

A

Isolated, has deserts and mountains and rain forests, greatly protected

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4
Q

Where is China vulnerable?

A

North

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5
Q

Agriculture China

A

…

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6
Q

Weather in regions China

A

Rainy and warm in south

Cold and dry in north

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7
Q

Resources China

A

Wood, metal, rice, silk

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8
Q

Trade China

A

Don’t need it, doing great, silk road

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9
Q

Geographic impact on economics China

A

Strong

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10
Q

Geographic unity China

A

Rivers help, almost always unified

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11
Q

Isolated? China

A

Yes, don’t like outsiders

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12
Q

Name? China

A

The Middle Kingdom

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13
Q

The Dynastic Cycle

A

…

“Power to the people”

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14
Q

The Mandate of Heaven

A

Heaven gave people permission to rule, but when problems happen it is as if heaven is taking their permission back

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15
Q

Dynasties in the Formative Age

A

Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty

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16
Q

Dynasties in the Age of Early Empire

A

Han Dynasty, Sui Dynasty, T’ang Dynasty

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17
Q

Evidence of Shang Dynasty

A

Oracle bones (tortoise shells) (put question on shell and burn it and then read the cracks), tombs (human sacrifice), bronze

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18
Q

Technology of Shang Dynasty

A

Bronze wax art, shows sophistication

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19
Q

Writing system China

A

Ideographic, great, only rich could read/write,

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20
Q

Power of kings in Zhou Dynasty

A

Losing power because too many princes and natural disasters

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21
Q

The Warring States Zhou Dynasty

A

Princes turned each area into own ‘district’, each prince had great warfare
Called The Warring States

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22
Q

Zhou Dynasty innovations

A

Weapons, canals, bridges, coins (instead of just exchanging)

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23
Q

Social Structure China

A

Kings
Nobles (writers/literate and government officials, no priests)
Peasants (making stuff so respected)
Artisans (making stuff so respected)
Merchants and warriors (warriors weren’t popular or valued, because Taoism and Confucianism didn’t prefer violence) (merchants because civilians didn’t like outsiders, who merchants deal with)

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24
Q

Mobility China

A

Not much, but peasants could become warriors

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25
Q

Women China

A

Secondary citizens
Seen as property
Son preference (because could work to get money, and didn’t have to be paid off when married)
Get husbands and fathers names

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26
Q

Agriculture basics China

A

Rice in south east, wheat in north

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27
Q

Main export China

A

Silk

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28
Q

Filial Piety

A

Respect to parents and elders

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29
Q

Five Relationships

A 
Five important relationships 
Ruler to ruled
Father to son 
Husband to wife
Older brother to younger brother 
Friend to friend
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30
Q

Shi Huang Ti means

A

The First Emperor

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31
Q

Items Shi Huang Ti standardized

A

Money/coinage system, governmental system, taxes

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32
Q

Name of famous trade route that developed during the Han Dynasty

A

The Silk Road

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33
Q

Foreign philosophy which came to China because of Silk Road

A

Buddhism

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34
Q

Multiple choice for China, pick wrong one:
Trade grew
Some of Shi Huang Ti’s policies were followed
China expanded in size and influence
The rulers supported legalism

A

The rulers supported legalism

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35
Q

Shih Huang Ti

A

Unifies China
First empire
Creates the word “empire”
Legalist

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36
Q

Shih Huang Ti’s accomplishments

A

Unified China
Created tax system
Connected great walls
Standardization

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37
Q

Why Shih Huang Ti was hated

A 
Legalist
Burned many books 
Against Confucianism 
Spent all money on own tomb and Great Wall 
Feared him
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38
Q

How Shih Huang Ti is viewed

A

Crucial
Respected
“May not be so bad”
Feared him

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39
Q

Formative Age characteristics

A

Unified, many innovations, not much war, standardization, set up basics till 1911

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40
Q

Reputation of Han Dynasty

A

Golden age, lots of trade, wealthy, bigger than Qin, better ruler,s, no legalism, Confucianism is back

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41
Q

Innovations of Han Dynasty

A

Silk Road started
Buddhism entered China
Paper, steel, surgery

42
Q

Expansion of Han Dynasty

A

Expanded a lot

Population grew a lot

43
Q

Trade of Han Dynasty

A

Didn’t need imports

Exports: silk, spices, cloths

44
Q

Great Wall creation Han Dynasty

A

Created because knew couldn’t beat opponents, so made Great Wall to stop them

45
Q

Unification during Sui Dynasty

A

Reunified China

46
Q

Accomplishments of Sui Dynasty

A

Great Wall, Grand Canal (Yangtze to Yellow), land equalization

47
Q

Decline of Sui Dynasty

A

Great Wall and Grand Canal were very expensive
Rulers were harsh
Short and important age

48
Q

T’ang Dynasty basics

A

Golden Age, bigger than Sui Dynasty, many accomplishments, lots of trade, great economy, great arts

49
Q

T’ang Dynasty being urban

A

Very cosmopolitan, “worldy”, open to other cultures

50
Q

Imports during T’ang Dynasty

A

Tea

51
Q

Printing in T’ang Dynasty

A

Block printing

52
Q

Empress Wu Zhou

A

Not much known because want to erase powerful women from history
Ruled alone, only empress who did
Favored Buddhism
Not liked because favored Buddhism, and Buddhism was seen as a foreign religion

53
Q

Age of Early Empire characteristics

A

Great accomplishments, amazing trade (Silk Road), many Golden Ages, bigger than other ages

54
Q

Sung Dynasty overarching theme

A

Always delt with barbarians by Great Wall, but now they are coming in and taking over parts of China
Barbarians grew stronger

55
Q

Barbarians acts during Sung Dynasty

A

When took over Northern area cut China off from The Silk Road and their cultural origination

56
Q

Prosperity of Sung Dynasty

A

Sea Trade, expansion, new inventions, amazing arts, very wealthy, culture,

57
Q

Population status during Sung Dynasty

A

Population growing, becoming more urban

58
Q

China food binding

A

During Sung Dynasty

For rich women

59
Q

Mongol (Yuan) Dynasty reason for being successful

A

Strong horses and strong warfare

60
Q

Genghis Khan

A

Combined all independent Mongol tribes

Name means “Universal Ruler”

61
Q

After Genghis Khans death

A

Split into provinces (khanates) and someone took control over each province

62
Q

Kublai Khan

A

Ruled China and started Mongol Dynasty

Peaceful time during rule

63
Q

Problem with Kublai Khan

A

Wasn’t Chinese

64
Q

Reputation of Mongol Dynasty

A

Not big fans of this dynasty because controlled by Mongols

65
Q

Marco Polo

A

Worked with Kublai Khan
His journals tell us how amazing Mongol Dynasty was
Other people who read journal didn’t believe him

66
Q

Problem with Mongol Dynasty

A

Segregation between Mongols and Chinese

67
Q

Quote about Ming Dynasty

A

“China’s last native imperial dynasty”

Meaning it’s not ruled by outsiders

68
Q

Beginning of Ming Dynasty

A

Peaceful, keeping nomads out, amazing art, very prosperous

69
Q

Capital of Ming Dynasty

A

Beijing

70
Q

Where rulers lived in Ming Dynasty

A

The Forbidden City

71
Q

Ming Dynasty invention involving paper

A

The Printing Press

72
Q

Ming Dynasty expeditions

A

Voyages done by Admiral Zheng He

Conquests

73
Q

Admiral Zheng He

A

Ming Dynasty
Chinas Columbus
Got conquests
7 voyages

74
Q

Stopping of expeditions in Ming Dynasty

A

Stopped everything with voyages and borders

Because thought they had everything and merchants were getting too powerful and prosperous

75
Q

Why stopping expeditions hurt China in Ming Dynasty

A

Weakened economy

Made China fall behind

76
Q

Portuguese arrival during Ming Dynasty

A

Chinese didn’t like them

Came because exotic goods and wanted to spread Christianity

77
Q

Age of Late Empire characteristics

A

Contact with outsiders, great art, expanding

78
Q

End of Ming Dynasty

A

Great Civilization, but is struggling

79
Q

Reason is called ‘China’

A

Visitors heard ‘Qin’ and thought China was the name instead of Middle Kingdom

80
Q

Confucius

A

Born into a poor family
Started Confucianism
Created Confucianism because believed that society had lost core values and traditions (respect for family)

81
Q

Confucianism basics

A

Five Relationships
No real concept of God
Philosophy vs religion

82
Q

Golden Age Dynasties

A

T’ang Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Sung Dynasty

83
Q

Tarnished Dynasties

A

Mongol Dynasty and X

84
Q

Tambre

A

Key point in Chinese music

About the character of the voice vs the pitch

85
Q

Music basics China

A

Sound influences harmony of the universe
Only rich people could become musicians
Pentatonic scales

86
Q

Great Wall of China

A

China couldn’t battle barbarians (Huns) so created wall in north
People didn’t like because wasted money (raised taxes) and got many people killed in the process of making

87
Q

Filial Piety

A

X

88
Q

Writing system

A

C

Word for writing is the same as civilization

89
Q

3 doctrines

A

Buddhism, confucianism, Taoism

90
Q

Trade China

A

Export: silk
Import: only tea

91
Q

Buddhism China

A

Buddhism arrived to China through the Silk Road

92
Q

Importance of family China

A

X
Five relationships
Confucianism promotes family

93
Q

Taoism basics

A

X

94
Q

Examination system basics

A

X

95
Q

Tortoise shells (oracle bones)

A

From the formative age

96
Q

Heterophony

A

Slightly different versions of the same melody played by two or more musicians

97
Q

The God/spirit of Taoism

A

The Dao

98
Q

Founder of Taoism

A

Lazoi

Means “old master”

99
Q

Balance of Taoism

A

Was really important

Yin and yang

100
Q

Main mentality of Taoism

A

Non violence

101
Q

Legalism

A

Harsh religion
Belief that laws are the most important
Believes being smart is bad

Great Civ 2014-2015 (5 decks)

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