Anatomy - YTT Flashcards
3 primary points of contact between foot & floor
Middle of the heel, base of big toe, base of little toe
2 muscle groups in foot and where are they
intrinsic - inside of foot
extrinsic - cross ankle joint and attach foot to leg
Plantar fascia helps maintain what
integrity of arches
flat feet / low arch issues
inner ankle bone collapse down & in, inner groin, inner thighs, lower back compression
High arch issues
Stiffer range of movement
tighter muscles
Lack of pronation & shock absorption
Impact in the lower limbs & lower back
Legs are long and thin & wider at each end why
Power to weight ratio
allow for muscle mass
spread area of force
Tendons can attach
3 Hamstrings, what do they do & what are they called
Bend knee & lift leg behind you
Bicep femoris
Semi tendinosis
Semi membranous
3 grades of hamstring injury
Grade 1 - pull or strain
Grade 2 - Partial tear
Grade 3 - complete tear
Hamstring injury guideline
Be moderate all over
Attachment injury - dont bend your knees
Within body of hamstring - bend knees
Adductors, how many
5
Adductors are where & what do they do
inside of thigh
bring legs toward midline
Quads - what are they called & How many are there
Vastus intermedius Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Rectus fermoris 4
Where does the 4th quad cross and what is it called
Crosses hip & attaches to leg
Rectus fermoris
How many quads don’t cross the front of your hip & what is this group called
3
The vasti group
Knees - outside of knee capsule, what 3 things are there
Tendon (superior surface / ontop)
Ligament (lateral joint surface / outside) the lateral collateral ligament
Ligament (medial joint surface / inside) the medial collateral ligament
How are the femur and tibia shaped in the knee joint
femur like a club
tibia like a plateau
Knee - What separates the femur & tibia
The meniscus
What is the meniscus and what is it liable to do
Disk shaped like cushion between femur & tibia. Shock absorption. They are palpable and liable to tear
What ligaments are inside the knee
Anterior cruciate
Posterior cruciate
Knee injuries
- Meniscus tears: Minimise twists, bends and rotates
- Bursitis: Avoid kneeling / pad knees
- Anterior cruciate ligament injury: Avoid locking back / hyper extension
- Posterior cruciate ligament injury: Hyper extension
- Medial collateral ligament injury: avoid foot against knee (Tree)
- Iliotibial band injury: common in runners, pain on outside of knee when bending (Warrior 2)
Hips & Pelvis - 5 key bony landmarks
Sitting bones Sacrum Tail bone Pubic bone Hip bones
Main 6 movements in your hips are
Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction Internal rotation External rotation
Where are the Psoas muscles
In the centre of the pelvis
The illicus & psoas Muscles group together which parts of your body
Spine, hip, core & leg muscles
Gluteus Maximus provides what
Gluteus Maximus - provides power
The layer of small muscles under the glute provide are called what & what do they do
gluteous minimum, piraformus, gemellus muscles, obturator intern-us & quadratus formoris
Fine tuning