Anatomy - Wrist and Hand Flashcards
what is he thumb called?
pollex
what is the pointer finger called?
index forefinger
what is the middle finger called?
digitus medius
what is the ring finger called?
ring annularis
what is the pinky finger called?
little minimus
what is the bulge of muscle called on the side of the thumb?
thenar
what is the bulge of muscle called on the side of the pinky?
little minimus
what are the proximal carpals?
scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform
what are the distal carpals?
trapezium, trapezoid, capitate , hamate
how many phalanges do we have?
14
how many bones are in the hand and wrist?
27
what is fascia?
holds tendons, BVs and nerves close to bones
what is retinacula?
in the wrist, thick deep fibrous band which holds tendons down preventing bowstrings (when flexing and extending hand)
where is the flexor retinaculum?
over anterior carpal bones, flexor tendons and median nerve pass under carpal tunnel)
where is the extensor retinaculum?
on the dorsal carpals, extensor tendons of the hand and digits pass underneath
what is the floor of the carpal tunnel?
concave arch of carpal bones
-covered by extrinsic palmar ligaments
what is the roof of the carpal tunnel?
flexor retinaculum,
attached to scaphoid and trapezium, pisiform and hamate
what is the contents of the carpal tunnel?
9 flexor tendons, vascular synovium and median nerves
-median nerve superficial to the tendons
what are the non pre-tensile movements?
not supposed to happen
pushing
hitting with flat hand ect
what are prehensile movements?
made for
grasp and grip
findamental movements of hand
dependent on positioning of fingers (digits 2-5) and thumb
what is over grip?
palm grasp
allows holding of tool or In punch
strong
long extrinsic flexors of fingers and intrinsic muscle in palm
wrist extended
what is a precision grip?
-fine control of manipulative movements
-grip between tips of fingers and thumb (opposition)
-often between thumb and index finger
-can involve other digits
-involves hold by extrinsic flexors and extensors
-precision from intrinsic muscles
what stops the ulna from articulating with the carpals?
articuclar disk
what are the movements capable between the radius and carpals?
adduct
neutral
extend
abduct
flex
what movements occur at the metacarpophalangeal joints?
-metacarpals and proximal phalanges
-flex/extend = wave bye
-abduct/adduct = move fingers apart/back
what movements occur at the interphalangeal joints?
-proximal = prox + middle
-distal = middle & distal
-flex/extend =curl and straighten digits
what joint allows thumb movement?
between the trapezium and base 1st metacarpal
what movements occur at the thumb?
-abduction
-adduction
-extension
-flexion
-opposition
-reposition