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Block H - Movement > Anatomy -- Upper Limb 5 > Flashcards

Anatomy -- Upper Limb 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What encloses the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum

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2
Q

Lateral and medial boundaries of the carpal tunnel

A

Hook of hamate

Pisiform

Scaphoid

Trapezium

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3
Q

6 structures within the carpal tunnel

A
  • Ulnar artery
  • Ulnar nerve
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
  • Flexor Pollicis longus
  • Median nerve
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4
Q

Hand tendon than runs superficial to the carpal tunnel

A

Flexor carpi radialis

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5
Q

Define carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Compression of median nerve due to inflammation of flexor retinaculum, leading to weakness of thumb and loss of sensation around thumb

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6
Q

4 types of joints among the bones of the hand

A
  • Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
  • Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
  • Metacarpophalangyeal joint (MCP) (knuckles)
  • Carpometacarpal joints
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7
Q

Hand joint commonly affected by osteoarthritis

A

Distal interphalangeal joint

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8
Q

Hand joints commonly affected by rheumatoid arthritis

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Metacarpophalyngeal joint

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9
Q

6 movements of the fingers

A
  • Adduction
  • Abduction
  • Extension (at MCP)
  • Flexion (at MCP)
  • Extension (at DIP)
  • Flexion (at DIP)
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10
Q

6 movements of the thumb

A
  • Extension
  • Flexion
  • Adduction
  • Abduction
  • Reposition
  • Opposition
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11
Q

Muscles responsible for abduction of fingers

A

Dorsal interossei muscles

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12
Q

Muscles responsible for adduction of fingers

A
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13
Q

Function of lumbrical muscle

A
  • Flex MCP joint
  • Extend PIP and DIP joints
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14
Q

3 muscles of the hypothenar eminence

A
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • Abductor digiti minimi
  • Opponens digiti minimi
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15
Q

5 muscles of the thenar eminence

A
  • Adductor pollicis
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
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16
Q

Define the hypothenar eminence

A

Muscle bulk of little finger

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17
Q

Define the thenar eminence

A

Muscle bulk of the thumb

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18
Q

Deepest muscles of the hypothenar and thenar eminences

A
  • Hypothenar = opponens digiti minimi
  • Thenar = opponens pollicis and abductor pollicis brevis
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19
Q

2 fascial spaces and the areas to which infection can spread by them

A
  • Midpalmar space –> infection of middle finger
  • Thenar space –> infection of index finger
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20
Q

Describe the anastomoses occuring in the palmar arch

A

Anastomoses between the radial and ulnar arteries (division at the index finger)

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21
Q

Location of radial artery in hand

A

Anatomical “snuff box”

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22
Q

Muscles innervated by the recurrent branch

A
  • Adductor pollicis brevis
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis
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23
Q

Define ape hand and its cause

A
  • Atrophy of thenar eminence and reduced ability to flex index and middle fingers
  • Due to median nerve injury at wrist
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24
Q

Cutaneous distribution of recurrent nerve innervation

A
  • Half of palmar surface
  • Majority of thumb
  • First 2 and a half fingers
  • Tips of back of first 2 and a half fingers until the PIP
25
Q

Muscles of hand innervated by ulnar nerve

A

Central and hypothenar muscles

26
Q

Cutaneous distribution of ulnar nerve innervation

A

Entire front, back and side of hand occupied by pinky and half of the ring finger

27
Q

Define claw hand

A

Injury of ulnar nerve at wrist –> Fingers hyperextended at MCP and flexed at IPs becuase limbrical is affected

28
Q

Innervation of radial nerves in hand

A

Cutaneous branches only on the back of the hand on the half involving the thumb and first 2 fingers up to the DIP

29
Q

Origin and insertion of dorsal interossei

A

Origin = metacarpal

Insertion = phalanx

30
Q

Main action of dorsal interossei

A

Abduction of digit

31
Q

Innervation of dorsal interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

32
Q

Origin and insertion of palmar interossei

A

Origin = metacarpal

Insertion = phalanx

33
Q

Main action of palmar interossei

A

Adduction of digit

34
Q

Innervation of palmar interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

35
Q

Origin and insertion of lumbrical muscle

A

Origin = tendon of flexor digitorum

Insertion = tendon of extensor digitorum

36
Q

Main action of lumbrical muscle

A

Flexion of MCP and extension of IPs

37
Q

Innervation of lumbrical muscle

A

Median or ulnar nerve

38
Q

Origin and insertion of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Origin = wrist

Insertion = thumb

39
Q

Main action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abduction of thumb

40
Q

Innervation of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

41
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Origin = wrist

Insertion = thumb

42
Q

Main action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexion of thumb

43
Q

Innervation of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

44
Q

Origin and insertion of opponens pollicis

A

Origin = wrist

Insertion = thumb

45
Q

Main action of opponens pollicis

A

Opposition of thumb

46
Q

Innervation of opponens pollicis

A

Median nerve

47
Q

Origin and insertion of abductor digiti minimi

A

Origin = wrist

Insertion = fifth finger

48
Q

Main action of abductor digiti minimi

A

Abduction of little finger

49
Q

Innervation of abductor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

50
Q

Flexor digiti minimi origin and insertion

A

Origin = wrist

Insertion = fifth finger

51
Q

Main action of flexor digiti minimi

A

Flexion of little finger

52
Q

Innervation of flexor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

53
Q

Origin and insertion of opponens digiti minimi

A

Origin = wrist

Insertion = fifth finger

54
Q

Main action of opponens digiti minimi

A

Opposition of little finger

55
Q

Innervation of opponens digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

56
Q

Myotome for abduction of arm

A

C5

57
Q

Myotome for flexion of elbow

A

C(5)6

58
Q

Myotome for flexion of digits

A

C8

59
Q

Myotome for abduction and adduction of digits

A

T1

Block H - Movement (7 decks)

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