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CPR > Anatomy--Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis > Flashcards

Anatomy--Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

anatomical realtionship of trachea to esophagus?

A

trachea is anterior to the goose

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3
Q

ant cusp of tricuspid valve

A

it’s anterior and superior

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4
Q

anterior cutaneous n

aka anterior branch of lateral abdominal cutaneous branch of thoracoabdominal n

A

104

just know it’s an option for a superficial nerve on the abdomen. unlikely to be tagged

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5
Q

anterior interventricular a, or LAD

A

56

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6
Q

arch of azygos vein

A

70

superior and right of tracheal bifurcation

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7
Q

arcuate line

A

point where internal oblique fascia no longer splits anteriorly and posteriorly, just anteriorly to join anterior rectus sheath

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8
Q

are there both anterior and posterior intercostal aa and vv?

A

yes. now learn this.

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9
Q

areas assessed by FAST (Focused Abdominal Sonography for Trauma)?

A

Morrison’s pouch, rectovesicle/rectouterine pouch, right and left paracolic gutters

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10
Q

artery of ductus deferens

A

121, it’s right along the ductus deferens (go figure)

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11
Q

atrioventricular nodal a

A

56, branches off the inferiorside of RCA near its terminus on the post ventricle just proximal to the posterior interventricula a, dives into myocardium almost immediately

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12
Q

AV nod area

A

superior to coronary sinus orifice

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13
Q

azygos, hemi-azygos vv

A

81, they recieve the posterior intercostal vv

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14
Q

brachiocephalic a/trunk

A

first great branch off aorta, 50 and 51, bifurcates into right subclavian and r common carotid

aka innominate a

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15
Q

braciocephalic vv

A

l and r, 27, main branches of bifurcating SVC

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16
Q

branches of celiac trunk

A

l gastric a, common hepatic a, splenic a

supplies foregut

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17
Q

branches of SMA?

A

144

right colic, middle colic, and ileocolic aa

as arteries start webbing towards the intestines, they form arcades, then vasa recta

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18
Q

bronchial aa

A

77

they’re high up on the descending aorta, there’s a l and r

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19
Q

Camper’s fascia

A

109

fatty layer of abdominal subcutaneous tissue

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20
Q

cardiac plexus

A

70

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21
Q

celiac trunk and branches?

A

134

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22
Q

chordae tendinae

A

63, called tendinous cords in grant’s, connect the septal papillary m to the septal cusp

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23
Q

circumflex a

A

56

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24
Q

components of lesser omentum?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament (contains portal triad) and hepatogastric ligament

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25
Q

conjoint tendon

A

111, medial part of internal oblique aponerosis joining together at midline

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26
Q

conus arteriousus

A

the smooth-membrane outflow tract of RV, 63

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27
Q

coronary groove

A

where the coronary aa encircle the heart, separating ventricles from atria

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28
Q

coronary ostia

A

they’re the first branches in the aorta, refers to the openings for the left and right coronary aa

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29
Q

coronary sinus

A

57, begins at oblique cardiac v of LA, drains into the RA, both the opening at the RA and a vessel

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30
Q

costodiaphragmatic recess

A

30, where diaphragmatic pleura meets costal

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31
Q

crista terminalis

A

interior part of sulcus terminalis

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32
Q

cusps of pulm valve

A

63, there’s left, right, and ant, and their names actually correspond to their anatomical position!

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33
Q

Dartos tunic/muscle and fascia

A

117, it’s the continuation of the Scarpal fascia, lining of the scrote, partly responsible for contracting the scrotum when it’s cold

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34
Q

deep inguinal ring

A

112

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35
Q

tertiary bronchi of lung

A

40

Right:

apical, posterior, anterior

lateral, medial

superior, the four basals

Left

Apicoposterior, Anterior, Superior and Inferior Lingular

Superior, Anteromedial Basl, Posterior Basal, lateral Basal

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36
Q

diaphragm

A

178

l and r crus are the legs at the inferior posterior segment

caval, esophageal, and aortic hiatuses

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37
Q

diaphragm

A

26

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38
Q

division of greater and lesser omentum?

A

greater is below the stomach, lesser is above

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39
Q

divisions of parietal pleura

A

costal, diaphragmatic, mediastinal, and cupola

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40
Q

ducts of bile?

A

cystic duct, common hepatic duct join together to make bile duct

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41
Q

esophagus

A

76

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42
Q

everything hip bone related

A

200

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43
Q

external intercostal m.
internal intercostal m.
innermost intercostal m.
intercostal n., a., v.

A

20

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44
Q

external oblique m

A

21

runs into your pockets

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45
Q

falciform ligament

A

123, a big sheet around what looks like the middle of liver

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46
Q

fossa ovalis

A

62, in RA, was foramen ovale in embryo

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47
Q

great cardiac vein

A

57, can’t miss it, big muthafucka which drains into coronary sinus, also courses to ant heart along LAD

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48
Q

greater l. and r. splanchnic nn

A

84, they’re medial to the sympathetic trunk and branch off superior to lesser splanchnic nn

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49
Q

gubernacular remnant/scrotal ligament

A

120, what pull the testis down

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50
Q

hepatorenal recess

A

morrison’s pouch, know for FAST exam

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51
Q

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nn

A

111, hypogastric is higher

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52
Q

inferior epigastric a

A

107, branch of external iliac a

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53
Q

internal oblique m

A

107, fans out from ASIS supero-medially

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54
Q

internal thoracic (internal mammary) a. & v.

A
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55
Q

IVC valve

A

62, there’s a valve on the IVC just before it enters the RA

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56
Q

l. and r. gastro-omental aa

A

134

r comes from gastroduodenal a which comes from common hepatic a

l comes from splenic a

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57
Q

l. and r. phrenic nn

A

50, they’re outside the pericardium, lateral to vagus nn in the neck

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58
Q

l. and r. phrenic nn.

A

44

remember, phren- refers to either diaphragm or mind

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59
Q

l. subclavian a.

A

3rd great branch off aorta, 50 and 51

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60
Q

labium majus

A

114, the big lips

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61
Q

lacunar ligament

A

110

aponerosis at medial-inferior end of inguinal ligament, runs from inguinal ligament to pubis

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62
Q

layers of pericardium

A

31
fibrous, serous (parietal and visceral/epicardium)

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63
Q

left common carotid a

A

50 and 51, 2nd great branch off aorta

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64
Q

left marginal a

A

56

65
Q

left vagus n

A

51, rmember it hugs the aortic arch and gives of l. recurrent laryngeal n around aorta

66
Q

lesser splanchnic nn

A

medial to sympathetic trunk, page 87, branch off inferior to greater splanchnic nn and do so between T10 and T11

67
Q

levator ani mm

A

209

68
Q

ligament of Treitz

A

connects duodenum to diaphragm and divides duodenum and jejeunum

69
Q

ligamentum arteriosum

A

51, ant to l. recurrent laryngeal n and between the aorta and pulm aa. it was the ductus arteriosus in embryo

70
Q

linea alba

A

center line of abdomen

71
Q

linea semilunaris

A

lateral edge of rectus abdominal mm.

72
Q

lining of spermatic cord/testis?

A

external spermatic fascia–>cremaster m–>internal spermatic fascia–>tunica vaginalis parietal layer–>tunica vaginalis visceral layer–>tunica albuginea

73
Q

Lung surface anatomy–lingula, the fissures

A

36 and 37

74
Q

LV interventricular septum

A

there’s the superior membranous part and the inf muscular part, 65

75
Q

LV papillary mm

A

there’s ant and post, match with anatomical position

76
Q

median scrotal raphe

A

the midline joining of the scrotum, has some embryologic exmplanation

77
Q

mediastinum, and its divisions

A

31

78
Q

middle cardiac vein

A

57, branches off the main vein on the inf side at bifurcation of middle cardiac v and small cardiac v, there’s the posterior left ventricular v distal to it on the same (inf) side of great cardiac v

79
Q

mitral valve cusps?

A

the anterior cusp is the long one like a bishop’s mitre

the posterior one bevels into

80
Q

moderator band

A

in RV, cuts from ant papillary m to the ventricular spetum

81
Q

nerves of posterior peritoneal region

you don’t know them, just look at answer

A

176

82
Q

oblique pericardial sinus

A

52 and 53, form a line between the IVC and l. pulm vien then the sinus runs perpndicular to this line and in line with r pulm vien

83
Q

oblique vein of LA

A

on the superior side of coronary sinus, this is where the coronary sinus begins

84
Q

omental bursa, aka lesser sac

A

posterior to stomach and anterior of parietal peritoneum, covered anteriorly by lesser omentum, opening on right side to omental foramen, bound on left by gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments

85
Q

Omental foramen, aka epiploic foramen of WInslow

A

128

to the right of hepatoduodenal ligament, an opening into omental bursa (aka lesser sac)

86
Q

origin of cremaster m?

A

internal oblique m

87
Q

origin of external spermatic fascia?

A

external oblique aponerosis

88
Q

origin of internal spermatic fascia?

A

transverse abdominis aponerosis

89
Q

pampiniform plexus

A

117, along ductus deferens and inside internal spermatic fascia

90
Q

papiillary mm of RV

A

63, there’s ant, post, and septal

ant papillary m is clearly anterior

post papillar muscle is on inf border of septal AV cusp

septal papillary m in very superior

91
Q

parasympathetic nerve course?

A

from brainstem and S vertebrae to ganglia right near target organ, ganglionic synapse, then very short post-ganglionic fiber to target organ

92
Q

parietal and visceral peritoneum, greater omentum and lesser omentum, and greater and lesser sac

A

124

93
Q

parts of pancreas?

A

uncinate process, head, neck, body, tail

94
Q

parts of stomach?

A

cardia (where esophagus meets stomach), fundus (top), body, pyloric antrum, pyloric canal (end)

95
Q

path of sperm?

A

seminiferous tubules–>efferent ductules–>head of epididymis–>body of epididymis–>tail of epididymis–>ductus deferens–>ampulla of ductus deferens (as it exits seminal glands)–>ejaculatory duct–>prostatic urethra–>membranous urethra–>spongy urethra–>target

96
Q

pectinate mm

A

62, the fiber-looking muscles on crista side of RA wall

97
Q

pectineal ligament

A

380

along lateral pubis

98
Q

pleural reflection

A

where the mediastinal pleura meets the other parts of parietal pleura, ie where the whole pleura folds in on itself

99
Q

portal vein tributaries?

A

164

splenic vein, to which is joined the inferior mesenteric vein

superior mesenteric vein

right gastric vein

100
Q

posterior cusp of tricuspid valve

A

it’s inferior of the 3

101
Q

posterior interventricular a

A

56, off of the RCA at its terminus on the post ventricles

102
Q

psoas major m, psoas minor m, iliacus m

A

176

103
Q

pulmonary ligament

A

36

104
Q

pulmonary vein orifices in the LA?

A

there’s left/right and sup/inf for a total of 4

the left veins are the highest and lowest, easily id’d on sagital radiograph

105
Q

pylorus

A

129, the valve between stomach and duodenum

106
Q

r. recurrent laryngeal n.

A

7-, off r. vagus and aroung r. subclavian a

107
Q

rami communicantes? white and grey?

A

345, 351

the grey is always the closest to the spinal cord

gray rami communicantes exists along all of sympathetic trunk and connect symp trunk fibers to spinal nerves

white rami communicantes only exist from T1 to L2 and connect presynaptic symp nerves to symp ganglia

108
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

124

female, between uterus and rectum

blood collects here during ectopic pregnancy and other intra-peritoneal bleeding

109
Q

rectovesicle pouch

A

125

males, between bladder and rectum

110
Q

rectus abdominis m

A

freebie!

111
Q

rectus sheath

A

bordered anteriorly by anterior rectal sheath, the fascia of the external obliques

and posteriorly by both internal oblique m fascia and transversis abdominis m fascia above arcuate line, then just trasversis fascia below arcuate line

112
Q

anterior right atrial a

A

56, between SVC and aorta

113
Q

right auricle

A

c’mon, you know it

114
Q

right marginal branch

A

56, the most inferior and large branch of RCA on ant RV

115
Q

right paracolic gutter, right intercolic space, left intercolic space, left paracolic gutter

A

126

the boundaries are, respectively, ascending colon, root of mesentary of small intestine, descending colon

116
Q

round ligament (ligamentum teres)

A

the inferior portion of falciform ligament, I think it may have once been the umbilical artery

117
Q

round ligament of uterus

A

114, some wimpy aponerosis strands running through the superficial inguinal ring. aint no spermatic cord.

118
Q

Rugae?

A

they’re ridges in the internal stomach

119
Q

SA node area

A

superior end of crista terminalis

120
Q

Scarpa’s fascia

A

109

membranous layer of abdominal subcutaneous tissue

121
Q

secondary bronchi of lungs

A

43

Left: superior lobar, inferior lobar

Right: superior lobar bifurcates with intermediate bronchus, intermediate bronchus then bifrucates into middle lobar & inferior lobar

122
Q

semiluminar cusps?

A

both aortic and pulmonic have l and r, posterior and anterior are at the extereme ends of aortic and pulmonary respectively

123
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

121

124
Q

septal cusp of tricuspid valve

A

63, it’s against the ventricular septum

125
Q

sigmoid colon

A

the colon before the rectum

126
Q

sinuatrial nodal a

A

56, continuation of right atrial a

127
Q

sinus venarum

A

62, smooth thin part of RA wall

128
Q

SMA

A

167

the uncinate process, l renal vein, and duodenum pass underneath it

129
Q

subphrenic gutters

A

right for liver, left for stomach

130
Q

sulcus terminalis

A

51, called the crista terminalis on interior of heart, where RA meets SVC (SVC membrane is smooth, anterior to it is crista-rich RA)

131
Q

superficial inguinal ring, medial crus, lateral crus, intercrural fibers

A

110

all in the external oblique fascia, which roll/folds to make inguinal ligament

the intercrural fibers are just the aponerosis superior to the ring

lateral crus is lateral border, medial crus is medial border

132
Q

superior epigastric a

A

107, a branch of internal thoracic a

133
Q

sympathetic nerve course?

A

from T and L vertebrae, to paravertebral ganglia where synapse occurs, to target organs

134
Q

sympathetic trunk and ganglia?

A

87, along the thoracic and lumbar spine

135
Q

tendinous intersections of rectus abdominis muscle

A

freebie!

136
Q

thoracic duct

A

78

it’s between the azygos vein and descending aorta

137
Q

thymus

A

68, decays with age, produces t lymphocytes

138
Q

trabeculae carneae

A

63 and 64, like the pectinate mm of the RV and LV, fiber-looking and from endocardium to endocardium

139
Q

tracheal bifurcation?

A

it is what it is. except for the internal aspect, which is the carina. not to be confused with vagina. shit’s nowhere close.

140
Q

tracheal rings

A

they have an opening on posterior aspect of trachea, causes wallowed objects to orient ap

141
Q

transverse pericardial sinus

A

53, linear space ant to SVC and post to aorta and pulm aa

142
Q

transversus abdominis m

A

107, runs straight across

its fascia is the rear part of the rectal sheath

143
Q

transversus thoracis m.

A

25

144
Q

tricuspid orifice

A

the RA side of the tricuspid valve

145
Q

umbilical folds?

A

Median, medial, lateral

122

medial folds were fetal umbilical arteries

lateral umbilical fold overlies inferior epigastric vessels

medial umbilical fold/ligament was the urachus–a vessel which drained the fetal bladder

146
Q

vagal trunk?

A

the anterior portion of it’s around the GE junction

147
Q

valve of coronary sinus

A

62, just inf to its opening in RA

148
Q

vermiform appendix

A
149
Q

vessels of internal iliac a

A

229

i like going places oggling vesicles usually

150
Q

what are the components of the greater omentum?

A

gastroclic ligament (inferior border of stomach), gastrosplenic ligament, and gastrophrenic ligament

151
Q

what doess the splenic a course through?

A

splenorenal ligament

152
Q

what supplies the posterior intercostal vv and aa?

A

azygos v supplies right posterior intercostal vv

l. superior intercostal v (top-left), accessory hemi-azygos (middle, left), and hemi-azygos (inferior, left) supply the left post intercostal vv

the aorta has direct branches to the post intercostal aa

153
Q

what supplies the anterior intercostal aa and vv?

A

the internal thoracic aa and vv, l and r

154
Q

what’s the marginal a of Drummond and it’s importance?

A

146

the left portion of the transverse colon isn’t supplied primarily by either the SMA or IMA; instead, the marginal a is an anastomose of the two which supplies it

155
Q

what’s the nodule of a heart valve?

A

it’s the central node when it’s closed, ie where all the cusps meet in center of orifice

156
Q

what’s underneath the superior mesenteric a and v?

A

the duodenum, left renal v, and uncinate process of pancreas

157
Q

which way does the esophagus stretch?

A

left-right

158
Q

z-line of GE junction

A

133

it’s where the stratified squamous epithelia of esophagus transition to simple columnar epithelia of stomach

CPR (10 decks)

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