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Animal Science Anatomy 511 > Anatomy: Skeletal System > Flashcards

Anatomy: Skeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 functions of bone?

A

1.) Support
2.) Protection
3.) Leverage
4.) Storage
5.) Blood Cell Formation

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2
Q

What number hardest natural substance is bone?

A

The 2nd Hardest

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3
Q

What cells are embedded in the matrix?

A

Osteoblasts & Osteocytes

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4
Q

What is ossification?

A

The Hardening of the Matrix

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5
Q

Cancellous bone is…

A

Light & Spongy

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6
Q

Compact bone is…

A

Heavy & Dense

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7
Q

Compact bone has…

A

Haversian Systems Running Lengthwise

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8
Q

What is outside all bones?

A

Compact Bone

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9
Q

What are shafts of long bones?

A

Compact Bone

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10
Q

The outer membrane of a bone is called the…

A

Periosteum

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11
Q

What is the membrane that lines hollow interior surfaces?

A

The Endosteum

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12
Q

What are osteoblasts?

A

Cells That Form Bone

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13
Q

What is an osteocyte?

A

Osteoblasts Surrounded by Bone

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14
Q

What do osteoclasts do?

A

Remodel & Remove Bone

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15
Q

What is a Volkmann’s canal?

A

Channels That Contain Blood Vessels That Join at Right Angles to the Haversian System

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16
Q

What is nutrient formina?

A

Large Channels in Large (& Long) Bones

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17
Q

What does nutrient foramina do?

A

Carry Blood In & Out of Bone Marrow & Bone

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18
Q

Spicules of bone with many spaces is…

A

Bone Marrow

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19
Q

Spicules arranged to stand stress forces is…

A

Bone Marrow

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20
Q

What is endochondral?

A

A Cartilage Template Replaced by Bone

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21
Q

What is the primary growth center of a bone?

A

Diaphysis

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22
Q

What is the secondary growth center of a bone?

A

Epiphysis

23
Q

What part of the bone is the diaphysis?

A

The Shaft

24
Q

What part of the bone is the epiphysis?

A

The Ends

25
Q

What is intramembranous?

A

Bone That Develops From Fibrous Tissue Membrane

26
Q

Where does intramembranous bone develop?

A

In Certain Skull Bones

27
Q

What is made on the epiphyseal side of bone?

A

New Cartilage

28
Q

Osteoblasts replace cartilage with bone on the…

A

Diaphyseal Side

29
Q

What happens when epiphyseal plates mature?

A

They Ossify

30
Q

What are the 4 bone shapes?

A

1.) Long
2.) Flat
3.) Short
4.) Irregular

31
Q

What fills the spaces within bone?

A

Bone Marrow

32
Q

What are the 2 basic types of bone marrow?

A

1.) Red Bone Marrow
2.) Yellow Bone Marrow

33
Q

What age is red bone marrow most common in?

A

The Young

34
Q

What age is yellow bone marrow most common in?

A

The Adults

35
Q

What is red bone marrow?

A

Hematopoietic Tissue

36
Q

What is yellow bone marrow?

A

Primarily Adipose CT

37
Q

What can yellow bone marrow do if needed?

A

It Can Revert to Red Bone Marrow

38
Q

Where is the axial skeleton located?

A

Along the Central Axis of the Body

39
Q

What bones does the axial skeleton consist of?

A

Bones of the Head & Trunk

40
Q

What are examples of axial skelton bones?

A

The Skull, Hyoid Bone, Spinal Column, Ribs, & Sternum

41
Q

What bones does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

A

Bones of the Limbs

42
Q

What bones does the visceral skeleton consist of?

A

Bones of the Soft Organs (Viscera)

43
Q

What are the fibrous joints that connect the skull bones called?

A

Sutures

44
Q

What is the name for the jaw bone?

A

Mandible

45
Q

What are bones of the ear called?

A

Ossicles

46
Q

How many bones are in the ear? Where are they located?

A

3 Tiny Bones in the Middle of the Ear

47
Q

What is the function of the hyoid bone?

A

To Support and Aid in Swallowing

48
Q

What do vertebrae consist of?

A

Body, an Arch, & Processes

49
Q

What are the intervertebral disks that separate bodies of adjacent vertebrae called?

A

Fibrocartilage

50
Q

What are the 3 bones that form in soft organs?

A

1.) Os Penis
2.) Os Cordis
3.) Os Rostri

51
Q

What are the ribs?

A

Flat Bones That Form Lateral Walls of the Thorax

52
Q

In regards to ribs, # of pairs =…

A

of Thoracic Vertebrae

53
Q

Where is costal cartilage found?

A

On the Ventral Ends of the Ribs

54
Q

What is the area called where cartilage meets bony rib?

A

Costochondral Junction

Animal Science Anatomy 511 (5 decks)

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